美国修宪过程中的协商民主:制度分析与启示  

Deliberative Democracy in the Process of Amending the Constitution of the United States:Institutional Analysis and Enlightenment

作　　者：张扩振[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学政法学院,江西南昌330022

出　　处：《太原理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第2期9-13,共5页Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：江西省社会科学基金项目"协商民主的宪法制度研究"(12FX24);江西师范大学博士启动基金项目(3706)

摘　　要：宪法修改是按特定程序对国家根本法的变更,其实质是各种力量为了在最高法层面谋求其利益实现而进行的博弈过程。为了使宪法内容更能体现人民权利扩展、权力服务民众的精神,修宪程序需融入更多的协商民主制度。通过实证分析可知,美国修宪是联邦与州共同参加,由联邦议会主导的过程,其制度安排中存在不少体现平等协商、审慎对话、民众参与等协商民主的内容。美国修宪所体现的协商民主精神为完善我国的修宪程序提供了启示。Amending the constitution is changing the fundamental law of the country according to the specified procedure ,w hose essence is the game process for various forces to compete for their own interests at the highest level of law .The amendment process must incorporate more delibera-tive democracy systems in order to make constitution better embody the extension of the people’s rights and the service of power to the mass .Empirical analysis shows that in the USA both federal and state parliament participate in the procedure of amending the constitution and the former plays the dominant role and that the arrangement of this system involves such contents of deliber-ative democracy as equal consultation ,careful dialogue ,and public participation .The spirit of de-liberative democracy that is embodied in the constitutional amendment of the USA provides en-lightment for the procedural improvement of China’s constitutional amendment .

关 键 词：宪法修改 协商民主 修宪程序 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]