云南卷叶小檗(小檗科)花与果实特征的变异式样  

Variation Patterns of Characters of Flowers and Fruits of Berberis replicata W.W.Smith(Berberidaceae)from Yunnan Province

作　　者：李新华[1] 张立存[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学生命科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2014年第4期720-726,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170174)

摘　　要：在云南省腾冲县通过野外居群取样，结合模式标本检查及统计分析方法，研究了小檗科卷叶小檗花和果实特征的变异式样。结果显示：（1）2013年5月，在12株卷叶小檗上取样的53朵花中，各花花被片数目为13～18个，平均为15．25±0．96个，其中，来自11株植物的34朵花都具有15个花被片，占个体总数的91．67％，占花总数的64．15％；此外，各花内部与雄蕊对生的6个花被片先端缺裂。（2）2013年12月，在12株卷叶小檗上分别取样的20个成熟果实中，单个果实内种子数目为1～4个，平均为1．79±0．48个，其中74．17％的果实都含有2粒种子；2013年5月，自6株卷叶小檗上采集的2012年宿存的150个果实中，单个果实内种子数目为1～3个，平均为2．11±0．43个，其中80．67％的果实都含有2粒种子；而已有文献皆记载卷叶小檗子房具胚珠2个。（3）在卷叶小檗个体内花和果实特征的变异系数中，花被片数目（O．05±0．03）〈果实长度（0．07±0．02）〈果实宽度（0．11±0．02）〈果柄长度（O．16±0．05）〈果实内种子数目（O．25±0．08）〈花被片长度（O．36±0．04）〈花被片宽度（0．38±0．04）。（4）对《中国植物志》小檗属中卷叶小檗花和果实等重要分类学性状特征进行了订正，同时为该种一直空缺的绘图补充了图片资料。Variation patterns of the characters of flowers and fruits of Berberis replicata W. W. Smith were investigated by field population sampling, checking type specimens and statistical analysis in Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. The research results are shown as below. （1）In May 2013, a total of 53 flowers were sampled from 12 adult individuals of B. replicata. The number of tepals of each flower varied from 13 to 18, mean SD was 15.25 0.96,among which 34 flowers sampled from 11 adults all consisted of 15 tepals,accounting for 91.67% of the total individuals,and 64.15% of the 53 flowers. In addition,the six inner tepals of each flower,which were opposite to the six stamens separately,emarginated at apex. （2）In December 2013, every 20 ripe berries were sampled from each of 12 shrubs of B. replicata, a- mong the 240 fruits. The seed numbers per fruit varied from 1 to 4,meanSD was 1. 79＋0.48,among which 74.17% of the total fruits contained 2 seeds. While in May 2013,150 persistent fruits, which were produced in 2012,were collected from 6 adult individuals of B. replicata, among which, the seed numbers per fruit varied from 1 to 3, meanSD was 2.110.43, and 80.67% of the total fruits contained 2 seeds. Nevertheless, literatures all showed that ovaries of B. replicata, contained only 2 ovules. （3）Among the coefficients of variation in characters of flowers and fruits of individuals of B. replicata, number of petals （0. 05±0.03）〈length of fruits（0.07±0.02）%width of fruits（0. 11±0.02）%length of fruit stalks（0. 16± 0.05）%seed numbers per fruit（0. 254-0.08）%length of petals（0. 36±0.04） %width of petals（0. 38± 0.04）. （4）Consequently,the characters of flowers and fruits of B. replicata described in Flora of China are revised,and several photos are provided to fill the gap of the absence of illustration of B. replicata in Flora of China.

关 键 词：卷叶小檗 花被片 果实 种子数目 变异 

分 类 号：Q949.746.8[生物学—植物学] Q346