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作 者:张永平[1] 陈幼源[1] 杨少军[1] 许爽[1]
机构地区:[1]上海市农业科学院园艺研究所,上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201106
出 处:《西北植物学报》2014年第4期778-785,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基 金:上海市科技成果转化项目(123919N1800);上海市闵行区科技项目(2012MH102);上海市西甜瓜产业体系项目
摘 要:以甜瓜品种‘哈密绿’为试验材料,采用基质栽培方式,研究了10~200μmol·L-1外源水杨酸(SA)对镉胁迫(100mg·L-1 Cd2+)下甜瓜幼苗生长、叶绿素含量、光合气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数的影响,以探讨外源SA调控Cd2+胁迫伤害的可行性。结果显示:Cd2+胁迫能显著影响甜瓜幼苗的生长和相关光合指标。适宜浓度外源SA能不同程度缓解甜瓜幼苗所受Cd2+胁迫伤害,并以100μmol·L-1SA处理效果最好,其显著促进了幼苗生长,提高了叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs),以及PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSII天线转化效率(Fv’/Fm')、实际光化学效率(ФPSII)、光化学荧光猝灭系数(qp)和光化学反应能量(P);显著降低了初始荧光(Fo)、非光化学荧光猝灭系数(NPQ)、天线热耗散能量(D)和非光化学反应耗散能量(E)。研究表明,外源SA缓解甜瓜幼苗Cd2+胁迫伤害具有剂量效应,以100μmol·L-1 SA的效果最好,有利于甜瓜幼苗在Cd2+胁迫下光合作用的维持,提高光合电子传递效率和对光能的捕获与转换,降低Cd2+胁迫对植物的损伤,从而促进生长。With melon variety ' Hamilii as the tested material,we investigated the effects of 10--200 μmol L-1 exogenous salicylic acid (SA) on melon seedlings growth, chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence under cadmium (100 mg L-1 Cd2+ ) stress by substrates culture. The results showed that: there were significant effects on the growth and photosynthesis function under cadmium stress. However,the best effect on the alleviation of Cd2+ stress damage was observed in the treatment of 100 /mol L SA. At this concentration, the seedlings growth, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (P.), stomatal conductance (G), transpiration rate(Tr), photosystem II(Fv/Fm), excitation capture efficiency of open centers(Fv'/Fm'), actual photochemical efficiency (est), photochemical quenching cod- ficient(qe) and the fraction of photochemical efficiency (P) in leaves were significantly increased, while minimal fluorescence(F0),non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) and excess energy (E) were significantly decreased. The above results indicated that dosage effect of SA existed on the alleviation of Cd2+ stress in melon seedlings, and the best alleviating effect on Cd+ stress damage was 100 μmol L- SA,which was favorable for the seedlings to maintain photosynthesis, improve photochemical electron transport efficiency,capture and converse solar energy thus improving melon growth.
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