外源水杨酸对镉胁迫甜瓜幼苗生长与光合气体交换和叶绿素荧光特性的影响  被引量:19

Effects of Exogenous Salicylic Acid on Seedling Growth, Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescent Parameters in Melon Seedlings under Cadmium Stress

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作  者:张永平[1] 陈幼源[1] 杨少军[1] 许爽[1] 

机构地区:[1]上海市农业科学院园艺研究所,上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201106

出  处:《西北植物学报》2014年第4期778-785,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基  金:上海市科技成果转化项目(123919N1800);上海市闵行区科技项目(2012MH102);上海市西甜瓜产业体系项目

摘  要:以甜瓜品种‘哈密绿’为试验材料,采用基质栽培方式,研究了10~200μmol·L-1外源水杨酸(SA)对镉胁迫(100mg·L-1 Cd2+)下甜瓜幼苗生长、叶绿素含量、光合气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数的影响,以探讨外源SA调控Cd2+胁迫伤害的可行性。结果显示:Cd2+胁迫能显著影响甜瓜幼苗的生长和相关光合指标。适宜浓度外源SA能不同程度缓解甜瓜幼苗所受Cd2+胁迫伤害,并以100μmol·L-1SA处理效果最好,其显著促进了幼苗生长,提高了叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs),以及PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSII天线转化效率(Fv’/Fm')、实际光化学效率(ФPSII)、光化学荧光猝灭系数(qp)和光化学反应能量(P);显著降低了初始荧光(Fo)、非光化学荧光猝灭系数(NPQ)、天线热耗散能量(D)和非光化学反应耗散能量(E)。研究表明,外源SA缓解甜瓜幼苗Cd2+胁迫伤害具有剂量效应,以100μmol·L-1 SA的效果最好,有利于甜瓜幼苗在Cd2+胁迫下光合作用的维持,提高光合电子传递效率和对光能的捕获与转换,降低Cd2+胁迫对植物的损伤,从而促进生长。With melon variety ' Hamilii as the tested material,we investigated the effects of 10--200 μmol L-1 exogenous salicylic acid (SA) on melon seedlings growth, chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence under cadmium (100 mg L-1 Cd2+ ) stress by substrates culture. The results showed that: there were significant effects on the growth and photosynthesis function under cadmium stress. However,the best effect on the alleviation of Cd2+ stress damage was observed in the treatment of 100 /mol L SA. At this concentration, the seedlings growth, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (P.), stomatal conductance (G), transpiration rate(Tr), photosystem II(Fv/Fm), excitation capture efficiency of open centers(Fv'/Fm'), actual photochemical efficiency (est), photochemical quenching cod- ficient(qe) and the fraction of photochemical efficiency (P) in leaves were significantly increased, while minimal fluorescence(F0),non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) and excess energy (E) were significantly decreased. The above results indicated that dosage effect of SA existed on the alleviation of Cd2+ stress in melon seedlings, and the best alleviating effect on Cd+ stress damage was 100 μmol L- SA,which was favorable for the seedlings to maintain photosynthesis, improve photochemical electron transport efficiency,capture and converse solar energy thus improving melon growth.

关 键 词:外源SA 甜瓜 CD2+胁迫 植株生长 光合作用 叶绿素荧光特性 

分 类 号:S511[农业科学—作物学]

 

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