金秋梨果园有机无机肥配施效应研究  

Combined application effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer in Jinqiu pear orchard

作　　者：张兴国[1] 

机构地区：[1]黔东南民族职业技术学院,贵州凯里556000

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2014年第8期87-91,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：针对我国果园不合理的施肥现状,造成肥料利用率低下,果品产量、品质下降的现象,研究了不同配比有机无机肥用量对金秋梨果园的影响.试验在等施氮量条件下设置了4个处理,分别为100％化肥（CK）、20％有机肥＋80％化肥（T1）、40％有机肥＋60％化肥（T2）、100％有机肥（T3）.结果表明,施用有机肥能够增加金秋梨的产量,其中以T2产量最高.在品质方面,随着有机肥用量的增加,总糖和Vc含量增加,硬度和总酸含量逐渐降低.此外,土壤微生物、微生物量与有机肥间有正相关关系,随着有机肥用量的增加,土壤的细菌、放线菌、真菌,以及微生物生物量量碳、氮含量亦有增加的趋势.金秋梨根系主要集中在0～30 cm,随着土壤深度的增加,须根数量逐渐减少.当有机肥用量加大时,各土层的根数量均呈增大的趋势.Unreasonable fertilization in orchard had resulted in low fertilizer use efficiency and low fruit yield and quality. The objective of the experiment was to improve fruit yield and quality by application organic and inorganic fertilizer. The experiment＇ was laid out in a randomized block design with four treatments, namely, 100% chemical fertilizer （CK）, 20% organic fertilizer ＋80% chemical fertilizer （T1）, 40% organic fertilizer ＋60% chemical fertilizer （T2） and 100% organic fertilizer （T3）. The results indicated that all the organic fertilizer treatments increased the yield of Jinqiu pear, and the highest yield was found in T2 treatments. In addition, total sugar and Vc concentration were also improved in all organic fertilizer treatments, however, hardness and total acid concentration decreased gradually with the increase of organic fertilizer. Furthermore, positive correlation among soil microorganisms, microbial biomass and application organic fertilizer rate was found in all treatments. Quantity of soil bacterium, actinomycetes, fungi and C, N concentration of soil microbial biomass increased with organic fertilizer increasing. Roots of Jinqiu pear focused mainly on 0-30 cm soil layer, and the quantity of root decreased with soil depth increasing. Moreover, the quantity of root increased sharply by applying organic fertilizer.

关 键 词：金秋梨 有机肥 无机肥 配施效果 

分 类 号：S143.6[农业科学—肥料学]