细胞凋亡途径及其机制  

The Apoptotic Pathways and Their Mechanisms

作　　者：李敏[1] 林俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院妇产科,杭州310006

出　　处：《国际妇产科学杂志》2014年第2期103-107,共5页Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology

摘　　要：细胞凋亡存在于多细胞生物的整个生命过程当中,可及时清除机体内多余和受损伤的细胞,维持组织器官的稳定性。真核细胞主要通过死亡受体介导的外部凋亡途径、内部线粒体途径、B粒酶介导的细胞凋亡途径以及近几年开始关注的内质网应激途径介导细胞凋亡的发生。而参与这些细胞凋亡过程的主要有4类蛋白分子,即凋亡蛋白酶(caspases)、衔接蛋白(adapter proteins)、Bcl-2和凋亡抑制蛋白(IAPs)。细胞凋亡对卵巢储备及一些妇科疾病如子宫内膜异位症、卵巢癌等的发生发展产生影响。Cell apoptosis exists in the whole life of multicellular organisms ,which is capable to maintain homeostasis of tissues and organs through removing unwanted or damaged cells. Eukaryotic cells mediate apoptosis through four main pathways：the death receptor-mediated extrinsic pathway,the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway,granzyme B-mediated pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated pathway. There are four important protein molecules involved in apoptotic pathways：caspases （the proteases which execute cell death）,adapter proteins （caspase activators）,Bcl-2 family proteins and Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins （IAPs）. Cell apoptosis plays an important role in establishment of ovarian reserve and abnormal apoptosis inducing some diseases,such as endometriosis,ovarian cancer,et al. In this review we will discuss the apoptotic pathways and their mechanisms mentioned above.

关 键 词：细胞凋亡 凋亡蛋白酶活化因子1 衔接蛋白类 信号转导 基因 BCL-2 凋亡抑制蛋白类 

分 类 号：R329.2[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]