2013年中国五省牛源金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药谱分布及基因分型  

Antimicrobial resistance profiles and genetic diversity of bovine staphylococcus aureus isolated in 5 provinces of China in 2013

作　　者：王玮[1,2] 遇晓杰[3] 杨小蓉[4] 梅玲玲[5] 关文英[6] 马国柱[7] 李薇薇[2] 郭云昌[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100021 [2]国家食品安全风险评估中心食源性疾病监测部卫生部国家食品安全风险评估重点实验室 [3]黑龙江省疾病预防控制中心公共卫生检验所 [4]四川省疾病预防控制中心微生物检验所 [5]浙江省疾病预防控制中心微生物检验所 [6]河北省疾病预防控制中心微生物检验所 [7]陕西省疾病预防控制中心生物实验室

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2014年第5期406-411,共6页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划（2012AA101603）,志谢本研究在采样和菌株分离阶段得到黑龙江、四川、浙江、河北、陕西5个省CDC的大力支持

摘　　要：目的 调查2013年中国5个省牛源金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药谱分布,并了解其基因分型情况.方法 于2013年从我国5个省的15个牛群（包括12家规模化养殖场和3家养殖合作社）,采集泌乳牛乳头涂抹样品、榨乳杯内衬涂抹样品、隐性乳房炎患牛患病乳区牛奶样品共计680份,应用微量肉汤稀释法检测分离株对10种抗生素的耐药分布;运用PFGE方法对分离株进行基因分型.结果 共分离出111株金黄色葡萄球菌,分离株对7种受试抗生素耐药：青霉素[90.1％（100/111）]红霉素[48.6％ （54/111）],环丙沙星[36.9％ （41/111）],克林霉素[27.9％ （31/111）],庆大霉素[18.9％ （21/111）],氯霉素[9.0％ （10/111）],四环素[7.2％ （8/111）],所有分离株对苯唑西林、万古霉素、复方新诺明均敏感;总体耐药率达92.8％（103/111）,多重耐药率达38.7％ （43/111）;合作社分离株耐药率[100％（48/48）]高于养殖场分离株[87％（55/63）],差异有统计学意义（Х^2=4.80,P＜0.05）;合作社分离株多重耐药率[54％（26/48）]高于养殖场分离株[27％（17/63）],差异有统计学意义（Х^2=8.48,P ＜ 0.05）.111株菌经PFGE方法分成8个型,6个优势型别占据菌株数量的98.2％ （109/111）,分别在2～9个牛群流行,各牛群包含的型别从1～4种不等并倾向于以一种型别为主;牛群内部奶样分离株和涂抹样分离株可归入同一型.菌株耐药谱分布和PFGE分型结果未见相关性.结论 牛源金黄色葡萄球菌分离株耐药严重,尤以合作社分离株为甚,各牛群具有优势基因型别,某些型别可在多个牛群流行.Objective To investigate antimicrobial resistance profiles and genetic diversity of staphylococcus aureus isolated from lactating cows of 5 provinces in China,2013.Methods A total of 680 samples were collected from 15 herds （12 farms,3 artels） in 5 provinces of China in 2013,including swabs of extramammary sites （bovine teat skin and milking machine liners） and quarter milk samples from lactating cows diagnosed with subclinical mastitis.The antimicrobial resistance of the isolates were tested by broth microdilution method and the genotypes were determined by PFGE （pulsed-field gel electrophoresis） method.Results A total of 111 isolates were isolated and identified as staphylococcus aureus.Resistance to penicillin （90.1% （100/111））,erythromycin （48.6% （54/111））,ciprofloxacin （36.9% （41/111））,clindamycin （27.9% （31/111））,gentamycin （18.9% （21/111））,chloramphenicol （9.0% （10/111））,tetracycline （7.2% （8/111）） of these strains were observed.All isolates were sensitive to oxacillin,vancomycin and selectrin.92.8% （103/111） staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial.38.7% （43/111） strains were multi-drug resistant isolates.The resistance rate of isolates in artels （100% （48/48）） was higher than it in farms （87% （55/63）） and the difference was statistically significant （Х^2 =4.80,P 〈 0.05）.The multi-resistance rate of isolates in artels （54% （26/48）） was higher than it in farms （27% （17/63）） and the difference was also statistically significant （Х^2 =8.48,P 〈0.05）.The 111 strains were clustered into 8 types,6 out of which were consisted of 98% isolates （109/111）,and were prevalent in 2 to 9 herds.Every herd had 1 to 4 types,and tend to be comprised by one major type.Most swab isolates were indistinguishable from isolates infecting the mammary gland.There were no relationship between antimicrobial resistance profiles and genotypes of these isolates.Conclusion The dru

关 键 词：葡萄球菌 金黄色 牛 抗药性 微生物 电泳 凝胶 脉冲场 分子分型 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学] R195[医药卫生—临床医学]