西南石漠化地区典型植物生理生化特性及抗旱性评价  

Physiological-biochemical characteristics and drought tolerance evaluation of representative plants in Karst areas of Southwest China

作　　者：梁晓[1,2] 马祖陆[1] 覃星铭[1] 喻崎雯[1] 黄雅丽[2] 欧梦梦 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 [2]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2014年第3期368-375,共8页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国土资源部重点实验室开放基金项目(2010-SYS-16);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(1212011220958);中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务项目(2010004)

摘　　要：【目的】研究岩溶高原石漠化地区4种典型植物的生理生化特性,综合评价其抗旱能力,为岩溶地区退化生态系统物种的选择与配置、植被恢复与重建提供理论依据。【方法】以多变石栎(Lithocarpus variolosus)、矮高山栎(Quercus monimotricha)、刺叶石楠(Photinia prionophylla)、蓝黑果荚蒾(Viburnum atrocyaneum)4种典型植物为材料,对叶片叶绿素、可溶性糖、脯氨酸、丙二醛、可溶性蛋白、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶等抗旱指标含量及其相关性进行分析,并采用模糊隶属函数法综合评价不同植物的抗旱能力。【结果】不同典型植物对石漠化地区的适应性表现不一致。4种典型植物的叶绿素总量、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量及CAT活性均表现为矮高山栎>多变石栎>刺叶石楠>蓝黑果荚蒾,可溶性糖含量表现为刺叶石楠>蓝黑果荚蒾>矮高山栎>多变石栎,脯氨酸含量表现为矮高山栎>刺叶石楠>多变石栎>蓝黑果荚蒾,POD活性表现为多变石栎>矮高山栎>刺叶石楠>蓝黑果荚蒾;丙二醛含量表现为蓝黑果荚蒾>矮高山栎>多变石栎>刺叶石楠,可溶性蛋白质含量表现为蓝黑果荚蒾>刺叶石楠>矮高山栎>多变石栎。相关分析结果表明,可溶性糖与叶绿素总含量、POD活性与脯氨酸含量存在显著正相关,而POD活性与丙二醛含量存在显著负相关;叶绿素含量与POD活性、可溶性蛋白质含量与CAT活性存在极显著正相关。模糊隶属函数法综合评价结果表明,4种典型植物抗旱能力大小为:矮高山栎>刺叶石楠>多变石栎>蓝黑果荚蒾。【结论】矮高山栎对云南岩溶高原石漠化环境的适应能力最强,其次为刺叶石楠、多变石栎,适应能力最弱为蓝黑果荚蒾。[Objective]The physiological-biochemical characteristics of four typical plants, such as Lithocarpus variolo-sus,Quercus monimotricha,Photinia prionophylla,Viburnum atrocyaneum in rocky desertification area were studied to evaluate their drought-resistant ability in order to provide references for selecting and allocating suitable varieties for degraded ecosys-tem in rocky desertification areas, and restoring and reconstructing vegetation system. [Method]Lithocarpus variolosus, Quercus monimotricha, Photinia prionophylla and Viburnum atrocyaneum were used as test materials. The contents of drought tolerance indictors including chlorophyll, soluble sugar, soluble protein, proline, MDA, CAT, and POD in leaves and their correlation were analyzed. Drought-resistant capacity of the four typical plants was comprehensively evaluated using fuzzy function method.[Result]Different plants displayed different adaptability towards rocky desertification area. The order of total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and CAT activity was Quercus monimotricha〉Lithocarpus variolosus〉 Photinia prionophylla〉 Viburnum atrocyaneum. The order of total soluble sugar was Photinia prionophylla〉Viburnum atrocyaneum〉Quercus monimotricha〉Lithocarpus variolosus. The order of proline content was Quercus moni-motricha〉Photinia prionophylla〉Lithocarpus variolosus〉Viburnum atrocyaneum. The order of POD activity was Lithocarpus variolosus〉Quercus monimotricha〉Photinia prionophylla〉Viburnum atrocyaneum. The order of MDA content was Viburnum atrocyaneum〉Quercus monimotricha〉Lithocarpus variolosus〉Photinia prionophylla. The order of total soluble protein was Viburnum atrocyaneum〉Photinia prionophylla〉Quercus monimotricha〉Lithocarpus variolosus. Correlation analysis showed that significant positive correlation existed between soluble sugar and total chlorophyll content, POD activity and MDA con-tent, and soluble protein content and CAT activity. Fuzzy function comprehensive evaluation res

关 键 词：石漠化地区 典型植物 生理生化特性 抗旱性 西南 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]