滇池表层沉积物中Cu、Cr、Pb的分布特征  

Heavy Metal Distribution Characteristics of Surface Sediment in Dianchi Lake

作　　者：古正刚 吴敏[1] 卫蓉[2] 宁平[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]昆明理工大学分析测试中心,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第2期91-96,共6页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40973081;41173124);863计划项目(2008AA062602)

摘　　要：研究了滇池表层沉积物的重金属Cu、Cr、Pb的含量特征，结果显示，其中Cu的浓度范围为53.51～986.54 mg/kg，Cr的浓度范围24.01～74.62 mg/kg，Pb的浓度范围51.62～853.25 mg/kg，滇池表层沉积物重金属污染程度为Cu ＞Pb ＞Cr．三种重金属总量之间均有极显著正相关性，重金属之间存在一定的同源性．应用层次聚类分析采样点可得到两大类，一类为中等污染的采样点包括观音山东、观音山西、罗家营、灰湾、草海中心采样点．另一类为严重污染的采样点包括断桥采样点．应用沉积物环境质量基准（SQGs）的三种基准分析可以得知滇池沉积物中的重金属Cu、Pb会经常对滇池沉积物中的底栖生物产生严重的毒理性影响．Cu和Pb对总毒性单位的贡献值比较大，而Cr对总毒性单位的贡献值较小．Heavy metal distribution characteristics of surface sediment in Dianchi Lake are investigated.The meas-ured heavy metal concentrations varied greatly as follows：Cu,53.51-986.54 mg/kg;Cr,24.01-74.62 mg/kg;and Pb,5 1.62-853.25 mg/kg. Heavy metal concentrations decrease following the order Cu 〉Pb 〉Cr.Signifi-cantly strong correlations are observed among Cu,Cr,and Pb,indicating that heavy metals Cu,Cr,Pb may origi-nate from the same pollution sources.Cluster analysis is used to group the sampling sites on the basis of similarities of heavy metal concentration.Two groups are extracted from cluster analysis.One group is highly contaminated sites including Duanqiao;another group is moderately contaminated sites including Guanyinshan east,Guanyinshan west,Luojiaying,Huiwan,and Caohaizhongxing.The heavy metal concentration is compared with three sets sedi-ment quality guidelines （SQGs）.The results show that Cu,Pb may pose adverse biological effects on sediment-dwelling organisms.The toxic units （TUs）are used to analyze heavy metal risks.Cu and Pb are the major contrib-utors to the sum of toxic units （∑TUs）,while Cr is the minor contributor.

关 键 词：滇池 表层沉积物 重金属 沉积物环境质量基准 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]