1,2-戊二醇的新合成方法及工艺优化研究  

Study on the New Synthetic Method of 1,2-Pentanediol and Process Optimization Thereof

作　　者：徐保明[1] 唐强[1] 罗岩[1] 程乾[1] 陈坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学化学与化工学院,湖北武汉430068

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2014年第1期92-97,共6页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金重点项目(2010CDA020);湖北省教育厅科研项目(D20111402)

摘　　要：设计并优化了以正丁醛和多聚甲醛为原料合成1,2-戊二醇的新路线,研究了投料比、反应温度、催化剂用量,反应压力等对产物收率的影响。反应分为两步:第一步,在3-乙基苯并噻唑溴化物的催化作用下,正丁醛和多聚甲醛发生交叉偶姻缩合反应,制得中间产物1-羟基-2-戊酮;最佳条件为:n(正丁醛):n(多聚甲醛)=1:1.5,n(正丁醛):n(催化剂)=1:0.1,反应温度70℃,6次重复实验平均收率56.6%。第二步,选用Pd/C催化剂加氢还原1-羟基-2-戊酮,得到最终产品1,2-戊二醇;最佳工艺条件为:催化剂Pd/C用量3.5%(相对于1-羟基-2-戊酮质量),氢气压力1.5 MPa,反应温度55℃,6次重复实验平均收率91.6%。两步总收率51.8%,原料成本仅4万元/吨。各步产品的结构都经IR,1H-NMR,MS数据表征确认。该方法具有原料价廉易得,路线简单,反应条件温和、收率高、产品含量高等特点,适于工业化生产。A new feasible synthetic route for the synthesis of 1,2-pentanediol was designed and optimized in this paper with butyraldehyde and paraformaldehyde as the starting material. The effects of feed ratio, reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and reaction pressure on the yield of product were studied. The reaction was divided into two steps. The first step, using 3-ethyl benzothiazole bromide as catalyst, the intermediate product 1-hydroxy-2-pentanone was synthesized by cross-acyloin condensation between n-butyraldehyde and paraformaldehyde. The optimum condition is： n （butyraldehyde）： n （paraformaldehyde） =1：1.5, n （butyl aldehyde）：n （catalytic agent）=1：0.1, temperature 70℃, the average yield obtained by six repeated experiments is 56.6%. In the second step, the final product 1,2-pentanediol was synthesized with hydrogenation reduction of 1-hydroxy-2-pentanone by using Pd/C as catalyst. The optimum condition is： Pd/C catalyst dosage 3.5%（ relative to the 1-hydroxy-2-pentanone quality ）, hydrogen pressure 1.5 MPa, temperature 55℃, the average yield obtained by six repeated experiments is 91.6%. Total yield of two steps is 51.8%, the cost of material is only 40,000 yuan/ton. The structures of product were analyzed and characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, MS. This process has advantages of easy available raw material, simple technology with mild reaction conditions, high content of the product and suitable for industrialized production.

关 键 词：1 2-戊二醇 1-羟基-2-戊酮 交叉偶姻缩合 催化加氢 

分 类 号：TQ223.162[化学工程—有机化工]