长江上游梯级水库蓄水优化初步研究  

Preliminary study of impounding optimization of cascade reservoirs in upper Yangtze River

作　　者：王冬[1] 李义天[1] 邓金运[1] 方娟娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]长江科学院,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2014年第2期62-67,共6页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"三峡水库运用后江湖关系变化及其影响研究"项目(2012BAB04B04)

摘　　要：梯级水库蓄水时间的重叠会导致流域水资源的不合理利用,梯级各库无法蓄满,进而影响综合效益。本文建立了梯级水库径流调度模型并予以验证,利用1950-2010年长江干流实测水文资料,计算长江上游溪洛渡-向家坝-三峡梯级水库对流域防洪任务的满足情况,并分析了上游预建水库白鹤滩对下游梯级防洪目标的协助作用,在此基础上给出梯级水库汛后蓄水的最早启蓄日期:溪洛渡、向家坝、三峡水库均不早于9月1日。并利用比较分析法,综合考虑梯级水库的发电、航运等效益,得出梯级水库的最优蓄水时间:溪洛渡9月11日蓄水,向家坝9月1日蓄水,三峡9月1日蓄水。Overlapping storage periods of the cascade reservoirs would lead to the unreasonable usage of the water resources, and some reservoirs of the cascade might not be fully filled, that would influence the compre- hensive benefit of the cascade reservoirs. In this paper, the runoff scheduling model of the cascade reservoirs is established and verified, the flood regulating calculation of the Xiluodu-Xiangjiaba-Three Gorges cascade reservoirs is carried out, and the assistance from the pre-buih reservoir to the flood protection of the cascade reservoirs is analyzed. Based on the flood regulating calculation, the earliest dates of the starting impounding of the cascade reservoirs are as follows： the Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba reservoirs are both not earlier than Sep. 11, and the Three Gorges reservoir is not earlier than Sep. 1. Then, by using the comparative analysis and based on an overall analysis of generating electricity and navigation of the cascade reservoirs, the most reason- able impounding dates are calculated as follows： the Xiluodu reservoir starts impounding in Sep. 11, the Xiangjiaba reservoir starts impounding in Sep. 1, and the Three Gorges reservoir starts impounding in Sep. 1.

关 键 词：梯级水库 防洪 蓄水优化 径流调度 

分 类 号：TV697.11[水利工程—水利水电工程]