溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米复合含能材料RDX/Fe_2O_3  

Preparation of nano-composite energetic material RDX / Fe_2O_3 by sol-gel method

作　　者：王金英[1] 王瑞浩[1] 刘发[1,2] 李林峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,太原030051 [2]空军驻西北地区军代室,西安710025

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2014年第2期228-232,共5页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

摘　　要：以FeCl3·6H2O为前驱物,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,1,2-环氧丙烷为凝胶促进剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备RDX/Fe2O3湿凝胶,利用超临界CO2萃取干燥法得到纳米复合含能材料RDX/Fe2O3。利用SEM、FTIR、DSC等对样品的微观形貌、组分结构和热分解特性进行了研究,并测试了其撞击感度和摩擦感度。结果表明,与传统的简单混合物RDX-Fe2O3相比,运用该方法制备的RDX/Fe2O3纳米复合含能材料可在纳米级上将2种物质混合,其组分一致性更好;纳米复合含能材料RDX/Fe2O3的热分解过程与RDX-Fe2O3不同,其DSC曲线上的熔解吸热峰消失,分解放热峰的起始温度提前了近20℃,放热量由1 082.33 J/g提高到了2 129.02 J/g;纳米复合含能材料RDX/Fe2O3的撞击感度和摩擦感度均比纯RDX及RDX-Fe2O3钝感。The wet gel of RDX/Fe2O3 was prepared by sol-gel process, using FeCl3· 6H2O as the precursors, N, N-DMF as the solvent for FeCl3 ·6H2O and RDX, 1,2-epoxypropane as gelating agent.The nano-eomposite energetic material RDX/Fe2O3 was ob- tained with supercritical extraction of the solvent in wet gel.The sample was characterized by SEM, FTIR, and DSC.Meanwhile, im- pact sensitivity and friction sensitivity were tested. Results show that the sample prepared by this method is more homogeneous in which the components are mixed in nano-level than the traditional RDX-Fe2O3.The thermal decomposition process of RDX/Fe2O3 is different from RDX-Fe2O3 ,which the endothermic peak vanishes away from the DSC curve, the onset point of exothermic peak in- creases by 20 ℃ approximately ,and the total heat release increases from 1 082.33 J/g to 2 129.02 J/g.The impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of RDX/Fe2O3 are more insensitive than pure RDX and RDX-Fe2O3.

关 键 词：RDX FE2O3 纳米复合材料 溶胶一凝胶法 超临界干燥 热分解 机械感度 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]