某聚氯乙烯塑料制品企业三甲基氯化锡接触水平调查  

Investigation on occupational exposure to trimethyltin chloride in a polyvinyl chloride product factory

作　　者：吴邦华[1] 戎伟丰[1] 王芳[2] 陈简超[1] 何嘉恒[1] 郑倩玲[1] 陈慧峰[1] 胡世杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院毒化监测所,广东省职业病防治重点实验室,510300 [2]广州铁路疾病预防控制中心,510010

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2014年第2期141-146,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2012A061400007);广东省医学科研基金(A2011049)

摘　　要：目的通过检测车间空气中以及工人尿中、血中三甲基氯化锡(TMT)水平,评估聚氯乙烯(PVC)塑料制品企业工人TMT接触水平,探讨工人接触负荷与生物指标之间的关系以寻找早期生物学监测指标。方法以某PVC塑料制品企业生产车间制粒、破碎、押出和组装岗位TMT作业工人为接触组(124人),以该企业非TMT作业工人为对照组(25人),检测工作场所空气中TMT水平,采集2组工人尿样和血样检测TMT水平。结果生产车间空气中TMT水平为中位数(M)为0.012 73 mg/m3;制粒、破碎、押出和组装岗位空气中TMT的M分别为0.017 96、0.016 60、0.009 42和0.000 50 mg/m3,制粒、破碎岗位空气中TMT水平相对较高,组装岗位空气中TMT水平最低(P<0.01)。接触组工人尿中TMT的M为0.005 9 mg/L,该组工人尿中TMT检出率高于对照组(91.1%vs8.0%,P<0.01)。接触组工人血中TMT检出率为37.1%,对照组及组装岗位工人血中均未检出TMT;制粒、破碎和押出3个岗位工人血中TMT的M为0.043 7 mg/L。接触组工人尿中TMT检出率高于血中TMT检出率(P<0.01)。接触组工人尿中TMT检出率高于血中TMT检出率(P<0.01)。接触组工人尿、血样中TMT水平均与工作场所空气中TMT水平相关(Spearman相关系数分别为0.724、0.795,P<0.01)。结论 PVC塑料制品企业制粒和破碎岗位接触较高水平的TMT,工人尿中、血中TMT水平均与TMT接触水平存在剂量-效应关系,采用尿中TMT作为生物标志物较血中TMT好。Objective To assess the exposure levels of trimethyltin chloride （ TMT） in exposed workers of a polyvinyl chloride （ PVC） product factory by detecting the levels of workplace air and the levels of urine and blood in workers .To explore the relationship between the contact load and biomarker for early biological monitoring indicators .Methods One hundred and twenty-four workers exposed to TMT and the twenty-five non-exposure workers in a PVC product factory were chosen as the expoure group and control group , respectively .TMT levels in the air of workplaces and in urine and blood of two groups were detected .Results The median of TMT levels in these workplaces was 0.012 73 mg/m3 .The medians of TMT levels of the workplaces in pelleting , crushing, extrusion and assembly stations were 0.017 96, 0.016 60, 0.009 42 and 0.000 50 mg/m3 , respectively .The results about pairwise comparison showed that TMT levels in pelleting and cru-shing stations were the highest, and in the assembly station was the lowest （P＆lt;0.01）.The median of urinary TMT level in exposure group was 0.005 9 mg/L.The detection rate of urinary TMT in exposure group was significantly higher than that in control group （91.1%vs 8.0%, P＆lt;0.01）.The detection rate of blood TMT in exposure group was 37.1%while thoes in the workers of control group and assembly stations were not detected .The median of blood TMT levels in workers＆amp;nbsp;of pelleting, crushing, extrusion stations was 0.043 7 mg/L.The detection rate of TMT in urine was significantly higher than that in blood （P＆lt;0.01）.The TMT levels of urine and blood in exposure group were both significantly correlated with TMT levels in workplace air （the Spearman correlation coefficient were 0.724 and 0.795, respectively, P＆lt;0.01）.Con-clusion The exposure levels of TMT were higher in pelleting and crushing stations in the PVC product factory .The result of correlation analysis showed dose-effect relationships between TMT level of urine and blood and exposure level

关 键 词：聚氯乙烯 塑料 三甲基氯化锡 职业接触水平 生物标志物 工作场所空气 血液 尿液 

分 类 号：R135.14[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R113[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]