中华按蚊吸血趋性和吸血前后活动情况的观察  

Blood meal preference and pre-and post-meal activity of Anopheles sinensis

作　　者：张崇星[1] 程鹏[1] 王海防[1] 赵玉强[1] 刘丽娟[1] 郭秀霞[1] 王怀位[1] 刘波[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省医学科学院 山东省寄生虫病防治研究所 山东省医药卫生媒介生物学重点实验室,山东济宁272033

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2014年第3期216-219,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81271877);山东省自然科学基金项目(No.ZR2010HL020);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2013WS0353)

摘　　要：目的观察中华按蚊吸血趋性和吸血前后活动情况，为改进灭蚊措施，提高防制效果提供依据。方法利用室外人、牛饵帐诱捕法进行中华按蚊吸血趋性观察，采用实验小屋法观察蚊虫吸血前后活动情况。结果室内人饵帐捕获中华按蚊约是室外捕蚊数的2．99倍，差异有统计学意义（x^2=5．12，P〈0．01）；室内外牛饵帐诱捕蚊数相近，差异无统计学意义（x^2=0．69，P〉0．05）。牛房傍晚3h的捕蚊数为白天栖息该室内蚊虫数的12．59倍，在室内吸血前后停息1～10min者约占50％，停息30min以内者占80％以上，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；停息60min以上者仅占10．％，差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论中华按蚊具有偏外栖性，这是滞留喷洒杀灭效果不理想的重要原因。基于其吸血前后室内短暂停留的行为习性，应选用无驱避性且具有熏杀作用的速效高效杀虫剂杀灭室内中华按蚊。Objective Blood meal preference and pre-and post-meal activity of Anopheles sinensis （Wiedemann） were studied to improve mosquito control and provide information on effective mosquito control. Methods Blood meal preference was investigated outdoors using a bed net trap with human and bovine bait in 6 villages of Tangkou Township in southwestern Shandong Province. Mosquitoes were caught with handheld battery-operated aspirators. Activity before and after meals was observed using an experimental hut at Tangkou Hospital. Results A total of 1 279 An. sinensis mosquitoes were caught indoors and 428 were caught outdoors with human bait. About 3 times more An. sinensis were caught indoors than outdoors, and the difference in the number of mosquitoes caught was significant （ x^2 = 15.12, P〈0.01）. A total of 4 698 An. sinensis were caught indoors and 4 724 were caught outdoors with bovine bait. A similar number of An. sinensis were caught indoors and outdoors, and there was no significant difference in the number of mosquitoes caught （X2 =0.69, P〉0.05）. In the villages of Qianwangtang and Houwangtang, 130 female An. sinensis were caught on walls, and 1 637 were caught during the evening of the following day. The number of An. sinensis caught in the cattle shed within 3 hours was 12.59 times greater in the evening than in the daytime. In the morning, 21 An. sinensis were caught in a ＇window well＇ while 76 An. sinensis flew into the hut, accounting for 27. 63% of the mosquitoes caught. An. sinensis rested everywhere in the experimental hut except the window, and there were no significant differences in places where the mosquitoes rested. More An. sinensis rested at a location less than 2 m away than those that rested at a location farther than 2 m away. Inside the experimental hut, about 50 % of An. sinensis rested for 1--10 minutes before and after blood meals, with 84.09 % resting before a meal and 80.95 % resting after a meal. The difference in the number of mosquitoes that rested was not significant

关 键 词：中华按蚊 吸血趋性 栖息位置 帐诱捕法 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]