池养脊尾白虾的生长与繁殖特性  

The growth and reproduction characteristics of ridgetail white prawn (Exopalaemon carinicauda) cultured in ponds

作　　者：于天基[1,2] 李健[2] 李吉涛[2] 任海[2] 梁忠秀[2] 葛红星[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国渔业质量与标准》2014年第2期16-25,共10页Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards

基　　金：主要养殖甲壳类良种培育课题(2012AA10A409);国家虾产业技术体系(CARS-47);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201103034);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2013A0701)

摘　　要：研究了2012年7—12月和2013年4-9月山东省日照地区池养脊尾白虾的生长与繁殖特性。结果表明，脊尾白虾生长呈等速生长，体重日增长率夏季最高，秋季次之，春季最低。脊尾白虾肥满度与体长和季节相关。利用vonBerralanffy方程拟合池养脊尾白虾生长模型，计算得出极限体长、拐点月龄和极限月龄。观察到脊尾白虾性成熟个体最小体长为35．93mm，体重为0．68g；抱卵个体最小体长为36．35mm，体重为0．73g；最大抱卵个体体长为72．82mm，体重为6．73g。繁殖高峰均出现在4、5、7和8月，整个养殖期间最后繁殖个体出于9月底。脊尾白虾抱卵量（Y）与体重（W）之间呈直线相关，直线方程为：Y=261．48W-0．5618。在水温为17～25℃和盐度为28～31的条件下，池养脊尾白虾的孵化幼体数量（X）与其体重（W）之间呈直线相关，其直线方程为：x=179．87W-244．25，估算出脊尾白虾卵子孵化率为46．00％。建议在日照地区于4月初放养抱卵脊尾白虾亲虾进行养殖。The growth and reproduction characteristics of the ridgetail white prawn （E. carinicauda ） cultured in Rizhao area were studied during July to December, 2012 and April to September, 2013. The results indicated that the growth of E. carinicauda was in constant speed. The highest growth rate of weight was in summer, the second in au-tumn and the lowest in spring. The fatness of Exopalaemon carinicauda was related to its body length and seasonal fac- tors. The limiting body length, the months of age of the inflection point and limiting months of age were figured out u- sing the growth formulation model fitted with the equation of yon Bertalanffy. It was observed that the individual mini- mum body length and weight for sexual mature were 35.93 mm and 0.68 g,laying eggs were 36.35 mm and 0.73 g respectively. And the individual maximum body length and weight for laying eggs were 72.82 mm and 6.73 g respec- tively. The reproduction peak for Exopalaemon carinicauda was in April, May, July and August, and the reproduction individuals could be observed at the end of September. There was linear correlation between the number of eggs （Y） and the body weight （W）, which can be shown by the linear equation Y=261.48W-0. 5618. Under the conditions of water temperature 17 - 25 ℃ and salinity 28 - 31, There was linear correlation between the quantity of hatching larvae （X） and the body weight （W）, which was shown by the linear equation X = 179.87W-244.25. It was esti- mated that the hatchability of Exopalaemon carinicauda was 46.00 percents. Therefore, it is advisable to cultivate the parent prawn of E. carinicauda in early April in Rizhao area.

关 键 词：脊尾白虾 生长 繁殖 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]