生活方式对延缓老年人认知功能衰退的研究  

Research of Lifestyle on the Delay of Cognitive Function Decline of Elderly People

作　　者：徐畅[1] 周成林[1] 马阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院,上海200438

出　　处：《体育科学》2014年第5期35-44,共10页China Sport Science

基　　金：上海市人类运动能力开发与保障重点实验室(11DZ2261100);上海高校一流学科(心理学)资助

摘　　要：如何延缓老年人认知功能衰退是近年来国内外相关基础和临床研究的热点问题。以健康生活方式的两大重要组成部分——体力活动和膳食结构为切入点,从行为效果和内在机制两个层面,探讨体力活动与膳食结构合力因素对老年人认知功能影响的相关研究。结果表明,积极体力活动可增强合理膳食的利用率,促进能量代谢平衡,维持大脑内环境稳态,从而保护大脑功能结构,延缓老年人认知功能衰退的速率。换言之,大脑前额叶功能、中枢神经递质合成、相关基因表达水平和海马神经突触可塑等均受体力活动与膳食结构的合力影响,从而证实体力活动与膳食结构可交互影响老年人认知功能。其研究成果提示,健康生活方式有助于提升老年人生命质量,实现"成功老龄化"。The issue of preventing or delaying the onset of elderly cognition function decline is of great contention in basic and clinical researches both at home and aboard. Taken physical activity and diet, the two essential parts of healthy lifestyle, as a point of penetration, this paper probes into the effect of combined physical activity and diet on cognitive function in the elderly primarily from the behavioral effect and intrinsic mechanism aspects. The results shows that active physical activity can increase the coefficient of utilization of rational diet, promoting bal- ance of energy metabolism, maintaining brain internal homeostasis, thereby protecting brain functional structure and delaying the speed of elderly cognitive impairment. In other words, combined physical activity and diet affect the prefrontal brain function, process of central neu- rotransmitter synthesis, related gene expression and hippocampus synaptic plasticity, thereby proving the existence of combined and interactive effect on elderly cognitive function. To date, research evidence reminds that healthy lifestyle helps to promote elderly life quality, realizing the successful aging.

关 键 词：体力活动 膳食结构 认知功能 延缓衰退 老年人 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]