石门森林公园不同海拔或坡向林地物种多样性的比较  

Biodiversity comparison of forestland with different altitude or aspect in Shimen National Forest Park

作　　者：邹文涛[1] 姜艳[1] 尹光天[1] 李荣生[1] 杨锦昌[1] 张帅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2014年第4期77-81,共5页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项"重要树种种质资源保存与可持续利用关键技术研究"(201204307);广州市林业局项目

摘　　要：为了解从化市石门国家森林公园不同海拔或坡向生物多样性的变化规律,以为森林公园景观改造、生态系统承载力提高、生态修复提供理论知识,对分散于森林公园的海拔或坡向不同的30块样地进行调查研究。研究结果表明,中海拔林地生物多样性较高,低海拔和高海拔林地生物多样性均较低,尤其是乔木层和下木层Ⅰ,其生物多样性分别在960 m和900 m达到峰值;坡向对生物多样性的影响表现为:阴坡>半阳坡>阳坡;公园内生物多样性受到人为干扰,总体上人为干扰随海拔上升而下降,但由于旅游开发和观光,海拔900 m以下林区受到人为干扰程度与海拔关系不大;森林郁闭度、人为干扰程度随海拔变化的趋势相似,石门森林公园森林郁闭度可以作为评价人为干扰程度的指标。In order to understand the biodiversity distribution patterns of the forestland with different altitude or aspect in Shimen National Forest Park and thereby providing theory knowledge for landscape restoration, ecological restoration and ecosystem carrying capacity improvement in Shimen National Forest Park, thirty sample plots with different altitude or aspect in the forest park were investigated. The results show that the biodiversity was higher at medium elevation forestlands than at low elevation or high elevation forestlands, especially in tree layer and undergrowth layer （I layer）, the biodiversity values reached respectively peak values at 960 meters and 900 meters above sea level;the effects of different aspects on biodiversity distribution patterns of the forestlands from big to small were as follows：shady slope 〉 half-suuny slope 〉 sunny slope;in the park, the human disturbances decreased gradually with the ascension of altitude in theoretically, but, the human disturbance took place below 900 meters altitude forestlands because of tourism development had little relationship with the altitude of the forestlands;the trends of canopy density and human disturbance with the changes of the altitude were similar to each other, so the forest canopy density can be used as an index to evaluate the human disturbance.

关 键 词：石门国家森林公园 生物多样性 海拔 坡向 人为干扰 

分 类 号：S727.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]