植被过滤带拦截径流和泥沙效果的模型研究  

Model study of interception effects of vegetative fi lter strips on runoff and sediment

作　　者：孙晓涛[1,2] 陈传胜[1] 肖波[2] 申小波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]北京市农林科学院北京草业与环境研究发展中心,北京100097

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2014年第4期96-101,共6页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：北京市科技计划专项“朝阳区运用生态技术改善水质的试验研究与示范”(Z13110500381310);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项“北京市退化土地生态系统修复成效长期定位监测站建设”(KJCX201103001)

摘　　要：植被过滤带可显著减少农田径流及其携带的污染物,是流域农业面源污染治理的最佳管理措施,而数学模型是设计植被过滤带的有效工具。本研究通过浑水模拟冲刷试验研究了不同宽度(1 m、2 m、3 m)和不同坡度(3.3%、6.7%、10%)的草本植被过滤带对径流和泥沙的拦截效果,并对VFSMOD模型的适用性进行了验证,最后基于该模型对植被过滤带拦截效果中坡度和宽度二因素的敏感性进行了分析。结果表明,VFSMOD模型对径流和泥沙浓度的模拟偏差在8%和12%以内,Nash-Sutcliffe-Effi ciency系数分别为0.85和0.93,表明该模型可对植被过滤带拦截径流和泥沙的效果进行较好的模拟;同时,模拟结果显示植被过带宽度与其径流和泥沙的拦截率成线性正相关关系(径流:R12=0.992、R22=0.994、R32=0.993;泥沙:R12=0.366、R22=0.374、R32=0.379),植被过滤带坡度与其径流和泥沙的拦截率成线性负相关关系(径流:R12=0.720、R22=0.761、R32=0.709;泥沙:R12=0.771、R22=0.804、R32=0.7 78)。与坡度相比,植被过滤带宽度因素对于植被过滤带拦截径流和泥沙的效果更为敏感,是植被过滤带设计中应着重考虑的因素。Vegetative filter strip （VFS） can effectively reduce farmland runoff and its carrying pollution, which is a best management measure governing watershed agricultural non-point source pollution. Mathematical model is an effective tool to design vegetation filter strips. The effects of different widths （1, 2, 3 m） and different slops （3.3, 6.7, 10.0%） herbaceous vegetation filter belts on the removal of runoff and sediment have been investigated through the muddy water erosion simulation tests and studied by VFSMOD model, and the validated applicability of the VFSMOD model was verified, and finally the sensitivity of the slope and width of vegetative filter strips to the interception effects were analyzed based on the model. The results show that the simulated deviations of the runoff and sediment concentration were less than 8%and 12%in the model, and the Nash-Sutcliffe-Efficiency coefficients were 0.85 and 0.93, which showed the VFSMOD model effectively simulated the interception effects of the runoff and sediment in the VFS;Meanwhile, the simulation results showed that the VFS width was significantly correlated with the interception rate of the runoff and sediment （runoff：R12=0.992, R22=0.994, R32=0.993;sediment：R12=0.366, R22=0.374, R32=0.379）, and the VFS slope was significantly negative correlated with the interception rate of the runoff and sediment （runoff：R12=0.720、R22=0.761、R32=0.709;sediment：R12=0.771、R22=0.804、R32=0.778）. Compared with the slope factors, the vegetation filter width factor was more sensitive for vegetative filter strip to intercept runoff and sediment.

关 键 词：植被过滤带 拦截效果 径流 泥沙 VFSMOD模型 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学]