切削液油雾形成机制及影响因素的实验研究  

Experimental Research of Cutting Fluid Mists Formation Mechanism and Influencing Factors

作　　者：马宏亮[1] 李长河[1] 张东坤[1] 贾东洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械工程学院,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2014年第5期51-55,共5页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51175276)

摘　　要：对切削液油雾产生的机制进行理论分析,并对切削液油雾形成的影响因素进行实验研究。实验在密闭的车床内进行,利用车床的供液系统采用浇注式供给磨削液,在油雾产生密集区域内安装有磨削液雾滴粒径的测量装置,该装置中的共聚焦显微镜可观察切削液雾滴在空气中的分布,精确扫描单颗雾滴的形态轮廓,通过计算机可计算出雾滴的分布和直径尺寸。分别控制主轴转速和切削液流量,探究对所形成的油雾浓度和平均直径的影响。实验结果表明:金属加工过程中主轴转速和切削液流量对切削液油雾特性的影响显著,随着主轴转速的增加,油雾的平均直径减小,而油雾浓度却呈上升趋势;随着切削液流量的增加,油雾的平均直径变大,并且油雾浓度同样呈上升趋势。A theory analysis was presented for the cutting fluid mist formation mechanisms, and the influencing factors on the cutting fluid mists formation were studied by relevant experiments. Experiments were conducted on the enclosed lathe, and the metal cutting fluid was supplied by pouring with the oil supply system of the lathe. A particle diameter measuring device was installed in the dense regions that cutting fluid mists were produced. The distribution of the cutting fluid droplets and the single droplets shape contour could be precise scanned by the Confocal Microscope, and the distribution of droplets and mean diameter size could be calculated through the computer. The effect of the influencing factors on the cutting fluid mist concentration and the mean diameter was investigated by controlling the spindle speed and cutting fluid flow rate respectively. The experimental results show that the cutting fluid mists characteristics is affected significant- ly by the spindle speed and cutting fluid flow rate in the machining process. The mean diameter of cutting fluid mists is reduced, and the concentration of droplets is increased along with the increasing of spindle speed. The mean diameter and the concentration of cutting fluid mists are increased along with the increasing of cutting fluid flow rate.

关 键 词：金属切削液 油雾 液滴直径 液滴分布 

分 类 号：TG501.5[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]