论唐代吴兴良才沈既济的科举选官法改革主张  

On SHEN Jiji's Proposals for Reforming the Ways of Selecting Officials through Imperial Examination in Tang Dynasty

作　　者：俞钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文与传播学院,上海200234

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第3期23-31,共9页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(10ZS86)

摘　　要：历来学界对唐代吴兴良才沈既济的评价,较多偏重于他在文学方面的成就,其主要原因是沈既济的史学和政论著述没有完整地流传下来,后世无法详细了解他的史学思想和政治主张。本文在对沈既济生平事迹梳析的基础上,主要考察了迄今保存于《通典》和《全唐文》中的沈既济的若干篇论议唐代科举选官法的文章,着重探讨了沈既济的科举选官法改革主张。笔者认为,沈既济的科举选官法论议,揭露了"四太"弊病,切中要害,且与他所作小说《枕中记》的主旨相吻合;阐述改革主张,从考察"三科"入手,力辩府州辟用六品以下官员的益处,见解独到。沈既济的改革主张受到了时人的关注,也应是后世了解唐代科举选官法的珍贵资料。As SHEN Jiji＇ s historical works and political comments fail to completely come down to this day ,later generations can＇ t acquire detailed knowledge of his historical opinions and political views. That is why the evaluation from academic circle about SHEN Jiji always emphasizes his literature achievements. On the basis of his life story, the author reviews several articles about official selection through imperial examination in Tang Dynasty which are kept in Tong Dian and Quan Tang Wen. This paper mainly focuses on SHEN Jiji＇ s proposals for reforming the ways of selecting officials through imperial examination. The author thinks his views on selecting officials through imperial examination hit the mark and expose the disadvantages of ＂Si Tai＂ （the four disadvantages of selecting offi- cials through imperial examination）. All these opinions are identical to his major ideas expressed in the novel Zhen Zhong Ji. The reform proposals of SHEN Jiji are full of insight, suggesting to proceed with the examination of ＂San Ke＂（ three subjects for selecting officials in ancient China） and arguing the benefits of the local governor owning the right to appoint officials under grade 6 （ official rank in feudal times）. The reform proposals drew the attention of people at that time, and they are also the precious materials for later generations to comprehend the official selection through imperial examination of Tang Dynasty.

关 键 词：唐代 沈既济 科举选官法 改革主张 

分 类 号：K242[历史地理—历史学]