杏李杂交种‘风味玫瑰’花柱类型与花粉管的生长观察  

Pistil Variability and Pollen Tube Growth of Prunus domestica×P. armeniaca ‘Fengweimeigui'

作　　者：何兴波 雷莉莉[1] 李芳东[1] 傅建敏[1] 杨绍彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院经济林研究开发中心,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2014年第4期655-661,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：公益项目"李亚科远缘杂交育种体系建立与新品种创制技术研究"(No.200904049)

摘　　要：为了探索杏李品种‘风味玫瑰’产量不高不稳的原因,对其花柱退化程度、不同花型花粉活力及花粉管生长动态进行研究。结果表明:(1)‘风味玫瑰’品种异花授粉亲和性大于自花授粉,其完成双受精的时间比自花授粉提前约24 h,且花粉管生长异常现象少;(2)不同类型枝条的花柱退化花比例存在差异,一年生枝条大于多年生枝条,不同的立地因素对花型比例存在较大的影响;(3)‘风味玫瑰’和‘恐龙蛋’品种花柱萎缩花的花粉活力分别为30.97%和32.02%,均大于长花柱花的花粉活力。研究认为,由于‘风味玫瑰’品种的花柱退化比例高,阻碍了其结实率的提高。虽然把‘恐龙蛋’品种作为授粉树在一定程度上能提高‘风味玫瑰’品种的结实率,但由于其花粉活力不是太高,不能作为理想的授粉树,需要寻找另外更为合适的授粉树。Pollen viability and style degradation degree, the dynamic growth of pollen tube were studied in order to exlpore the pollination and fertilization of ＇Fengweimeigui＇ due to its unstable yield. The results showed that. （1）The compatibility of cross-pollination was higher than that of self-pollination and the double fertilization of cross-pollination took was 24 h earlier than that of self-pollination. The irregular phenomenon in cross-pollination was less than self-pollination. （2）The differences was significant among the proportion of flowers of aborted pistil in different branches. The proportion of this type of flower in one-year-old branch was higher than perennial branch. Different environment had a certain influence on the proportion of this type of flower. （3）The pollen viability of aborted pistil flower was 30.97% and 32.02% in ＇Fengweimeigui＇ and ＇Konglongdan＇ , respectively, which were both larger than that of long pistil flower. The research suggested that the ＇Konglongdan＇, which is the pollination tree of ＇Fengweimeigui＇, to some extent, can improve its seed setting rate. But due to the low pollen vitality, both are not ideal pollination tree. In addition, the high degradation rate of ＇Fengweimeigui＇ style hinder the improvement of seed setting rate. Therefore, we should do further research to find more appropriate pollination tree.

关 键 词：'风味玫瑰’杏李 花粉管生长 花柱类型 花粉活力 

分 类 号：S662.3[农业科学—果树学]