矿难矿工创伤后应激障碍发生情况调查  

Occurrence and characteristics of post traumatic stress disorder in miners after a coal mine disaster

作　　者：李洪波[1] 韩雪[2] 张赟[3] 申楠[3] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学后勤基建处,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工程大学人文社会科学学院 [3]哈尔滨工程大学党政办公室

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2014年第5期566-568,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目(11E112)

摘　　要：目的了解矿难后获救矿工创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状的发生特点。方法采用基本情况调查表及创伤后应激障碍症状自评量表(PCL-C)对黑龙江龙煤集团某煤矿矿难中获救的200名矿工进行问卷调查。结果获救矿工PTSD症状阳性发生率为19.64%;矿工年龄越大,其闯入因子(F=3.77,P=0.025)及总分(F=3.06,P=0.049)的得分越高;矿工井下工龄越长,其闯入因子(t=3.67,P=0.000)、回避因子(t=3.23,P=0.001)、警觉因子(t=2.78,P=0.003)及总分(t=3.41,P=0.000)的得分越高;矿难发生时,矿工距离事发地点越近,其闯入因子(F=4.92,P=0.008)、回避因子(F=7.37,P=0.001)、警觉因子(F=7.13,P=0.001)及总分(F=7.11,P=0.001)的得分越高;矿难发生时目睹过他人伤亡者闯入因子(t=2.28,P=0.012)、回避因子(t=1.69,P=0.047)、警觉因子(t=2.38,P=0.009)及总分(t=2.19,P=0.015)得分均高于未曾目睹他人伤亡者。结论获救矿工PTSD症状在年龄、井下工龄、距离事发地点远近、目睹他人伤亡等变量上存在差异。Objective To examine the occurrence and characteristics of post traumatic stress disorder（PTSD）symp- toms in rescued miners after Hegang coalmine disaster. Methods Totally 200 rescued miners were assessed using ques- tionnaire of basic information and the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version （PCL-C）. Results The incidence of positive PTSD symptoms in the rescued miners was 19. 64%. Scores of PCL-C increased with the increment of age for intrusion factor（ F = 3.77, P = 0. 025 ） and the total score （ F = 3.06, P = 0. 049）. The miners with longer working years had higher scores of intrusion factor （ t = 3. 67, P = 0. 000）, avoid factor （ t = 3.23, P = 0. 001 ）, alert factor （ t = 2. 78, P = 0. 003 ） and total score （ t = 3.41, P = 0. 000） ; the miners near the incident site at the time of the disaster occurrence had higher PCL-C scores of intrusion factor（F =4. 92,P =0. 008） ,avoid factor（F = 7. 37,P =0. 001 ） ,alert factor（F = 7. 13 ,P =0. 001 ） and total score（ F = 7.11, P = 0. 001 ）. The miners witnessing the death or injury had more obvious PTSD symptoms than the miners not witnessing the casualties, with higher scores of intrusion factor （ t = 2.28, P = 0. 012 ）, avoid factor （t=1.69,P=0.047）,alert factor（t=2.38,P=0.009）and total score（t=2.19,P=0.015）.Conclusion The incidence of positive PTSD symptoms in the rescued miners was 19. 64% after Hegang coalmine disasters and the incidence was influenced by age, working years in the coal mine, distance from the incident site at the time of the disaster, and wit- ness of casualties in the rescured miners.

关 键 词：创伤后应激障碍(PTSD) 矿难 发生情况 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]