集中排烟隧道烟气逆流距离两区域模型研究  

Two layer zone model analysis of upstream smoke propagation distance for central smoke extraction system in highway tunnel

作　　者：王震[1] 张林华[2,3] 徐琳[2,3] 常健[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学热能工程学院,山东济南250101 [2]山东建筑大学可再生能源建筑利用技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,山东济南250101 [3]山东建筑大学山东省可再生能源建筑应用技术重点实验室,山东济南250101

出　　处：《山东建筑大学学报》2014年第1期54-58,共5页Journal of Shandong Jianzhu University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51108254);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2009FQ008)

摘　　要：随着社会的高速发展以及交通压力的持续增大,集中排烟隧道因兼顾纵向通风和集中排烟模式的优点,广泛应用于长大隧道设计中,如何控制烟气在隧道内的扩散范围及人员逃生问题一直是人们关注的重点.文章结合某长大公路隧道排烟工程实际,提出了等效风速的概念,建立了集中排烟模式烟气逆流距离两区域模型,根据守恒原理建立了微元方程.结果表明：得到无量纲烟气逆流扩散微分控制方程,x＊与ha＊、Δρ、Fr、W、β等变量耦合相关,在此基础上进一步简化可得到烟气扩散距离方程,其主要受密度修正Fr数、壁面阻力特性参数、W＊等变量的影响;得到了在油罐车着火、等效风速为0.5 ～3 m/s时,烟气扩散距离L随Fr呈线性增大关系.With the development of society and continuous increase of traffic pressure, smoke extraction system is often brought into the tunnel design because of the advantages the central of both the longitudinal ventilation and central smoke extraction system, the way of controlling the smoke propagation distance and personnel escape were the focus of attention. Based on a highway tunnel with central smoke extraction system, the concept of equivalent velocity was brought and two layer zone model of upstream smoke propagation which was improved was used, the governing equations were constituted on the basis of the principle of energy conservation. The result show that the non- dimensional governing equation of smoke diffusion was obtained and the variable quantities of x ＊ and ha＊ , Δρ, Fr, W, β were coupling related, the equation of smoke distance in a state of stagnation was obtained too and the variable quantities of Fr, resistance characteristic parameters of surface, W＊ had a great impact on smoke distance, when it was a tanker fire and the equivalent velocity changed fromO. 5 m/s to 3 m/s, L increased with Fr a linear relationship.

关 键 词：集中排烟隧道 等效风速 微元方程 两区域模型 烟气逆流距离 

分 类 号：U453.5[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]