重庆市沙坪坝区肺结核病患者确诊延迟的病例对照研究  

A Case-control Study on Diagnostic Delay of PTB Patients in Shapingba Distric of Chongqing

作　　者：赵颖[1] 罗兴能[2] 李廷荣[2] 李颖[3] 

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学护理学院,四川成都611137 [2]重庆市沙坪坝区疾病预防控制中心,重庆400038 [3]第三军医大学社会医学与卫生事业管理学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2014年第1期61-63,共3页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81006692)

摘　　要：目的 通过对重庆市沙坪坝区肺结核病患者的病例对照研究,探讨影响结核病患者确诊延迟的因素,为完善结核病患者早发现的措施提供科学依据.方法 由重庆市沙坪坝区结核病机构采用调查问卷,收集2011年11月～2012年3月登记的有确诊延迟的肺结核病患者作为病例组,以同期无确诊延迟结核病患者作为对照组,采用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析.结果 确诊延迟结核病患者中,老年人所占比例最大（占36.2%）.结核病患者发生了确诊延迟与文化程度有关,42.6%确诊延迟患者只有小学文化程度.农民中结核病患者确诊延迟严重.结核病患者就诊延迟情况对确诊延迟影响较大,69.0%的确诊延迟的患者有过就诊延迟.确诊前就诊次数多及离就诊点距离远均是结核病患者发生确诊延迟的重要因素.结论 应加强各级医疗机构医务人员结核病控制相关专业技术的培训,提高专业能力,及时发现不典型的结核病患者,合理设置结核病诊治点,针对农民、文化程度低的人群广泛开展通俗易懂的结核病健康教育,以减少结核病患者的确诊延误.Objectives To identify potential risk factors for diagnostic delay of pulmonary tuberculosis patients （PTB） in Shaping distric of Chongqing.Methods PTB patients with diagnostic delay identified in TB dispensary in Shapingba distric during 2011.11～2012.3 were included as cases,PTB patients without diagnostic delay during the same period were taken as controls.SPSS 13.0 was used to analyze the data.Results Older PTB patients were more likely to experience diagnostic delay.TB patients with lower education level（primary school and below）,lower family income（20000 yuan per year and below）,and farmers patients tended to have a delayed diagnosis.Repeatvisiting clinics or living far away from health facilities were possibly the important risk factors for diagnostic delay.Conclusions To strengthen training for health workers inidentifying the atypical old TB patients is important for TB control.TB health promotion including providing accessible TB control health facilities and disseminate under-standable health knowledge for the people in lower social class were key measures for TB control for those vulnera-ble groups.

关 键 词：病例对照 结核病 确诊延迟 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]