飞播区与原产地白沙蒿的开花物候比较研究  

Comparison of Flowering Phenology of Artemisia sphaerocephala in Aerial Seeded Area and Origin Area

作　　者：魏小萌[1] 王铁娟[1] 郑星星[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期281-288,共8页Journal of Inner Mongolia University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31160130);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2011MS0524)

摘　　要：白沙蒿(Artemisia sphaerocephala)是中国北方重要的固沙先锋植物.本文比较了位于原产地库布齐沙漠和飞播区科尔沁沙地白沙蒿的开花物候,在群体、个体、花序枝和头状花序4个水平上进行观测.旨在探讨白沙蒿在远距离飞播后开花节律的变化及与环境因子的关系.结果表明:白沙蒿在8月下旬开花,飞播区晚于原产地,个体水平平均晚7d,群体晚5d,开花高峰期晚7d.飞播区白沙蒿的开花数比原产地明显多,但个体、花序枝、头状花序的花序开放持续时间明显缩短,群体持续时间差异不大.两地白沙蒿花序开放持续时间的频率分布均为单峰型.在二级花序枝水平上,飞播区以6d频率为最高,而原产地以7d频率明显为高,且分布更为集中;在头状花序水平上,两地差异较明显,原产地白沙蒿以6d频率为最高,而飞播区以4d为最高.花序枝上头状花序的开放顺序基本相似,均从近基部先开放.两地区白沙蒿的开花振幅相近,均呈"单峰集中开花式样",但原产地开花振幅曲线呈现正态分布,飞播区则为正偏态,始花更集中,而终花时间较长.Arternisia sphaerocephala is an important pioneering dune-fixing plant in northern China. Its flowering phenology in the origin area（Kubuqi Desert） was compared with aerial seeded area（ Horqin Sandy Land） at four levels（population,individual,inflorescence branches and capitulure）. It aimed to explore the relationship between changes of blossom rhythm and environmental factors after long distance aerial seeding for A. sphaerocephala. Results showed that： A. sphaero- cephala blossomed in late August, the flowering onset in aerial seeded area was later than the origin area,7d later in individual level,5d in population, and the flowering peak was 7d later too. Compared to the origin area,the flowers was much more,but the flowering duration time of individuals,inflo rescence branches and capitulum was significantly shorter in the aerial seeded area,white with little difference in duration for populations. The flowering duration time frequency distributions of A. sphaerocephala in two areas were all single-peak type. At the secondary inflorescence branch level, the highest frequency in the aerial seeded area was 6 days, while that in the origin area was 7 days, and with a more concentrated distribution; At the level of capitulum, the frequency distributions were obviously different in the two areas, the highest frequency was 6 days in the origin area, while the aerial seeding area with the highest in 4 days. The flowering order of the capitulum at an inflo rescence branch was basically similar in the two regions,the first flowering positions were all near the base of branches. The flowering amplitudes of A. sphaerocephala were close in two regions, they all exhibited a＂unimodal and mass-flowering pattern＂ , the curve in the origin area showed a normal distribution;while it was positive-skewed in the aerial seeded area, the flowering onset was more concentrated,but final flowering took a long time.

关 键 词：白沙蒿 开花物候 开花参数 飞播 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]