2008-2012年抗菌药物应用与耐药相关性研究  

Study on relationship between use of antibiotics and drug resistance in 2008-2012

作　　者：丰莉娟[1] 艾芬[1] 刘显灼 

机构地区：[1]武汉市中心医院急诊内科,湖北武汉430014

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第9期2135-2137,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：武汉市卫生局重点规划基金资助项目(WW-2010B-037)

摘　　要：目的分析2008-2012年抗菌药物在临床的应用情况,同时分析急性支气管炎患者的病原菌耐药性与抗菌药物应用的相关性。方法对2008-2012年各类抗菌药物按用药频度(DDDs)排序,同时选择同期临床急性支气管炎患者培养的病原菌及药敏试验资料,对DDDs和急性支气管炎病原菌耐药的相关性进行分析;采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析,计量资料采用组间t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验。结果 2008-2012年抗菌药物DDDs呈逐年上升趋势,头孢菌素类药物一直是近年来临床使用最多的抗菌药物,其次是氟喹诺酮类、大环内酯类、青霉素类和硝基咪唑类,5年DDDs分别为192 790、193 248、210 684、216 063和219 620;急性支气管炎患者主要病原菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌;2008-2012年主要病原菌对临床常用的抗菌药物耐药率逐年上升,2012年病原菌耐药率与2008、2009年比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论急性支气管炎患者感染病原菌耐药率与抗菌药物的DDDs使用呈正相关,随着抗菌药物在临床的广泛应用,病原菌的耐药性逐年上升,临床应加强对抗菌药物使用的指导和管理。OBJECTIVE To analyze the status of clinical use of antibiotics in 2008-2012and observe the relationship between the drug resistance of pathogens causing acute bronchitis and the use of antibiotics.METHODS All sorts of antibiotics used from 2008to 2012were ordered according to the medication frequency（DDDs）,then the pathogens cultured from the patients with acute bronchitis and the data of drug susceptibility testing were collected,the relationship between the DDDs and the drug resistance of the pathogens causing acute bronchitis was analyzed,the statistical analysis was performed with use of SPSS13.0software,the measurement data were analyzed by using the t-test,and the count data were analyzed by means of the chi-square test.RESULTS The DDDs showed an upward trend from 2008to 2012,and cephalosporins were the most frequently used antibiotics in the past years,followed by the fluoroquinolones,macrolides,penicillins,and nitroimidazoles.The DDDs was 192790in 2008, 193248in 2009,210684in 2010,216063in 2011,219620in 2012.The Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus pneumoniae,Staphylococcus epidermidis,and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the predominant species of pathogens causing acute bronchitis.The drug resistance rates of the main pathogens to the commonly used antibiotics were increased year by year from 2008to 2012;as compared with the drug resistance rate,the difference between 2008 and 2009was significant（P＆lt;0.05）.CONCLUSION The drug resistance rates of the pathogens causing the acute bronchitis are positively correlated with the DDDs;the drug resistance of the pathogens is increasing with the broad use of antibiotics in the hospital.It is necessary to strengthen the management of use of antibiotics.

关 键 词：抗菌药物 急性支气管炎 耐药 相关性研究 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]