杭州城区春节PM_(2.5)中水溶性离子在线观测  

Online Measurement of the Water-Soluble Ions in PM_(2. 5) during Spring Festival in Hangzhou

作　　者：沈建东[1] 焦荔[1] 何曦[1] 徐昶[1] 徐鸿[1] 孙鸿良[1] 曾大吉[1] 张天[1] 叶贤满[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市环境监测中心站,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2014年第2期151-157,共7页Environmental Monitoring in China

摘　　要：利用大气细颗粒物水溶性组分在线连续监测分析系统(AIM-URG9000D),考察了杭州城区春节期间PM2.5中无机水溶性离子的浓度变化范围,探讨了这些离子的日变化特征和影响因素,同时分析了集中燃放烟花爆竹对水溶性离子浓度的影响。结果表明,SO2-4、NO-3、NH+4是PM2.5中水溶性离子的主要成分,分别占全部水溶性组分的33.3%、28.4%、19.4%;强致癌物质NO-2浓度为2.07μg/m3,远大于膜采样结果;NO-3与SO2-4的质量比为0.85,表明机动车尾气排放导致的大气污染正逐步加重;各水溶性离子有着各自不同的日变化规律。相关性分析表明,NH+4与NO-3、SO2-4的相关系数分别为0.92、0.81;K+、Cl-、Mg2+3者之间的相关系数均在0.9以上。烟花爆竹燃放期间,PM2.5浓度急剧上升,Cl-、SO2-4、K+、Mg2+浓度分别达到燃放前的18、6、53、76倍。To understand the mass concentrations and diurnal variation of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 and the effect of concentrated discharge of fireworks on the water-soluble ions concentration, an online measurement （ambient ions monitor） of water soluble ions in PM2.5 in Hangzhou was conducted during the Spring Festival 2012. SO4^2- , NO3^- and NH4^＋ were the dominant water- soluble fractions with the proportions of 33.3% , 28.4% and 19.4% , respectively. The concentration of the strong carcinogenic substance NO2- was 2.07 μg/m^3 , which far more exceeded the membrane sample results. The mass ratio of NO3^-/SO4^2- was 0. 85, indicating that air pollution caused by motor vehicle exhaust emissions were gradually increasing. Various water-soluble ions had different diurnal variation rules. Correlation analysis indicated that correlation coefficients of NH4^＋ with NO3^- , SO4^2- were 0. 92,0.81, respectively and the correlation coefficients between K^＋ , CI^- , Mg2^＋ all exceed 0. 9. During fireworks discharge period the concentration of PM2.5 increased sharply and the concentration of CI^- , SO4^2- , K ^＋, Mg^2＋ were 18,6,53,76 times respectively before discharge.

关 键 词：杭州 PM2 5 水溶性离子 烟花爆竹 日变化 相关性 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]