石家庄市赞皇县留守儿童免疫接种率干预后调查分析  

The coverage survey of left- behind children in Zanhuang county of Shijiazhuang after intervention

作　　者：刘君卿[1] 郭玉钗[1] 苗力雁 李丽 李怡秋[1] 信云[1] 李四凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄市疾病预防控制中心,河北050011 [2]赞皇县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2014年第4期366-369,373,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：河北省卫生厅计划项目:<河北省6岁以下"留守儿童"免疫现状调查及对策研究>(20100518)

摘　　要：目的了解赞皇县留守儿童干预后国家免疫规划疫苗接种率状况,为今后开展工作提供科学依据。方法通过采用预防接种新模式、定期查漏补种、加强督导、改善预防接种服务形式、健康教育等综合性干预措施对全县6岁以下留守儿童接种率进行调查,并对监护人开展免疫知识问卷调查,同时在周围选择年龄、性别相近且父母均在家的儿童进行对照。所有数据用Excel 2003软件建立数据库进行数据录入,采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果留守儿童与对照儿童国家免疫规划疫苗基础免疫全程接种率分别为95.26%、95.84%,加强免疫接种率分别为93.88%、94.47%,χ2检验差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.726、0.271,P>0.05)。监护人问卷调查知晓率分别为87.86%、94.15%,χ2检验差异有统计学意义(χ2=64.572,P<0.05)。结论干预后,留守儿童与对照儿童基础免疫、加强免疫接种率均在90%以上,实现了国家免疫规划服务均等化的工作目标。Objective To investigate the national immunization vaccine coverage of the left- behind children in Zanhuang County after intervention, to provide scientific basis in the future. Methods Intervention measures were adopted, including by implementing new vaccination model, replanting leak immunization regularly, strengthening supervision, improving vaccination service form and instructing health education for the left - be- hind children under the age of 6 after intervention, and to conduct questionnaire survey of immunization knowledges to the guardians. At the same time, children around whose age and sex were similar and both parents were at home were set up for the control group. The related data are recorded in Excel 2003, and statistical analysis is operated by SPSS17.0. Results For immunization vaccine, primary immunization coverage were 95.26% and 95.84% , booster immunization coverage were 93.88% and 94.47% , among the left - behind children and control children, without significant differences （X2 = 0. 726, 0. 271, P 〉 0.05 ） . The related awareness rate of guardians were 87.86% and 94. 15% , with significant differences between the two groups （X2 = 64. 572, P 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusions Primary immunization coverage and booster immunization coverage of left -behind children and control children reached 90% after intervention, which realized the equalization of national immunization program service.

关 键 词：留守儿童 疫苗 接种率 监护人 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]