丹江口库区贾湾1号地点发现的石制品  

The Lithic Assemblage from the Jiawan Paleolithic Locality 1 in the Danjingkou Reservoir Region

作　　者：牛东伟[1,2] 裴树文[1] 仪明洁[3] 马宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,北京100044 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国人民大学历史学院,北京100872

出　　处：《人类学学报》2014年第2期149-161,共13页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-15;KZZD-EW-03);国家基础科学人才培养基金(J0630965)资助

摘　　要：丹江口库区贾湾1号旧石器地点位于河南省淅川县盛湾镇贾湾村,埋藏于丹江右岸第三级基座阶地前缘的红色黏土层中。2011年4-5月对该地点进行抢救性发掘,揭露面积1000m2,共获得750件石制品(发掘527件,采集223件)。石制品组合包括石核类、修理类、废片类和石锤等,以废片类为主体。石制品以阶地底部砾石为原料,以小型和中型者居多;剥片主要采用硬锤锤击法;石器主要以石片为毛坯,采用锤击法多在石片远端或两侧进行单向加工,刮削器是主要类型。石器工业面貌属于以石核和石片为主体的技术类型(模式1)。地貌、地层及石制品组合特征显示该地点可能形成于晚更新世早期。The Jiawan locality 1, buried in the front margin of the third terrace on the right bank of the Danjiang River, is located in Jiawan village, Shengwan town, Xichuan County, Henan Province. This locality was excavated from early April to early May 2011 by the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology （Chinese Academy of Sciences）, as a salvageable archaeological project due to the construction of the Dangjiangkou reservoir dam at a higher latitude. The excavation exposed an area of about 1000 m2. Three stratigraphic layers of the third terrace were identified at this locality, with the total thickness of more than 4 meters. Archaeological materials were mainly unearthed from the 2nd to 3rd layer, two layers of grey-green to grey-yellow clay and brown-red clay, 1.5-3.5 m in thickness. A total of 750 stone artifacts and many cobbles were unearthed （N=527） and collected （N=223）. The stone assemblage included： cores （46; 40 unearthed and 6 collected）, retouched pieces （29; 26 unearthed and 3 collected）, debitage （674; 461 unearthed and 213 collected）, stone hammers （1 collected）. The general features of these artifacts are summarized as follows： l） Lithic raw materials were locally available from ancient riverbeds. Quartzite is the predominant raw material （74.00%）, followed by the vein quartz （24.27%）. 2） The principal flaking technique is direct hammer percussion without core preparation. Chopper-core is the predominant type （28; 25 unearthed and 3 collected） of core. Most whole flakes were produced with a natural platform. Relatively high percentage （54.46%） of type III and VI flakes indicate that many whole flakes were in the later production stages. 3） Most stone artifacts （92.53%） are small and medium in size 4） Only three classes of retouched pieces are identified, namely scrapers, denticulates, and bifaces, with scrapers being the dominant type （86.21%）. 5） Most blanks for tool fabrication are flakes. Retouched pieces appear to

关 键 词：晚更新世早期 石制品 贾湾1号 丹江口库区 

分 类 号：K871.11[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]