Al-15Pb合金高压下凝固及热处理后的组织与耐磨性  

Microstructure and Wear-Resistantance of Al-15 Pb Alloy with High Pressure Solidification and High Pressure Heat Treatment

作　　者：王振玲[1] 于玉城[1] 霍树斌[2] 尹冬松[1] 魏尊杰[3] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江科技大学材料科学与工程学院 [2]哈尔滨焊接研究所 [3]哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院

出　　处：《特种铸造及有色合金》2014年第4期353-356,共4页Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究资助项目(12523042)

摘　　要：采用高压六面顶在4GPa下制备了Al-15Pb合金并在该压力下进行了热处理。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDX)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、摩擦磨损试验机对制备的Al-15Pb合金进行了微观组织和耐磨性能的研究。结果表明,常压和高压下,Al-15Pb合金均由α-Al相和Pb粒子相组成,但是常压凝固时大量Pb粒子分布于Al基体上,而高压凝固后,Pb粒子数量减少,尺寸减小;高压热处理时,分布于Al基体上的Pb粒子相数量极少,且尺寸很大。常压凝固时,Pb在α-Al相中固溶度为0,高压凝固和高压热处理时,Pb在α-Al相中均有一定的固溶度。高压凝固Al-15Pb合金中α-Al相的硬度比常压时大很多,增大39%,高压热处理态时α-Al相硬度也增大,增大了19%。高压条件制备的Al-15Pb合金的抗磨性能改善,但减摩性能变差。Al-15Pb alloys were prepared with hexahedral anvil at high pressure solidification（4GPa） and high pressure heat treatment（4GPa）. Microstructure and wear-resistance of the alloy prepared at normal pressure and at high pressure were analyzed comparatively by SEM （scanning electron microscope）, EDX, XRD, Mcrohardness tester and friction-wear tester. The results reveal that Al-15Pb alloys consist of a-A1 phase and Pb phase with the morphology of the particle under normal pressure and high pres- sure, and a great amount of Pb particles are distributed in A1 matrix under normal pressure, while Pb phase is decreased with size refinement under high pressure solidification conditions. Morevoer, the trace Pb phase with large size can be observed under high pressure heat treatment condition. The solid solubility of Pb in a-A1 phase is zero under normal pressure, while Pb has a slight solution in a-A1 phaseunder high pressure. Meanwhile, solid solution in high pressure solidification is a little greater than that in high pressure heat treatment. Compared with normal pressure, the density of Al-15Pb alloy solidified at 4GPa is increased,and change in high pressure heat treatment can be ignored. Furthermore, the mi- crohardness of the a-A1 phase in AI-15Pb alloy at 4GPa solidification is much greater than that in normal pressure, and the increment rate reach 39%. The microhardness of the a-A1 phase in AI-15Pb alloy at 4GPa heat treatment is also increased, and the increment rate reaches 19%. The wear resistance of A1- 15Pb alloy prepared under high pressure is improved, and antifriction properties exhibits poor.

关 键 词：Al-15Pb合金 高压凝固 高压热处理 显微组织 

分 类 号：TG292[金属学及工艺—铸造] TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]