晴天地表总辐射和净辐射瞬时值计算方法  

Estimation of global and net solar radiation at the Earth surface under clear-sky condition

作　　者：孙治安[1,2] 刘晶淼[1,3] 曾宪宁[4] 梁宏[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,辽宁沈阳110166 [2]Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research,Australian Bureau of Meteorology [3]中国气象局气象科学研究院,北京100081 [4]南京信息工程大学,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2014年第2期1-13,共13页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所基本科研业务经费项目;中国气象局气候变化专项(ccsf201313)共同资助

摘　　要：以较精确的大气辐射传输模式为基础,建立晴天地表总辐射和净辐射瞬时值的计算方案。与以往的经验计算方法不同,该方案将辐射传输带模式的思路引入地面太阳辐射计算,并考虑大气中吸收和散射物质对太阳辐射的影响,使该方案具有较好的精确性和普适性。采用Kokhanovsky等提出的大气气溶胶反射率和透过率参数化方案,使气溶胶对地面总辐射和净辐射的影响得到较好处理。采用的自变量为数值预报模式或卫星观测提供的气象要素,因此该方案既可用于数值预报模式或陆面过程模式计算地表辐射平衡,又可以利用卫星观测或再分析资料估算地面太阳能资源分布。利用美国能源部3个大气辐射观测站2005年的观测资料及欧洲宇航局提供的卫星反演气溶胶资料对计算方案进行检验。结果表明,该方案十分精确,所有站点的平均相对误差均小于6%,误差的均方差小于0.3 W·m-2。A scheme for estimating global and net solar radiation under clear-sky condition is developed based on an accurate radiation transfer model. Unlike previously used methods, this scheme utilises an idea of radiative band model in the calculations of solar radiation at the earth surface and includes as many atmospheric absorbing and scattering species as possible, which makes the scheme more accurate and globally applicable. The parameterization of aerosol scattering and transmittance proposed by Kokhanovsky et al. is adopted to consider the effects of aero- sols on the surface solar radiation. All variables used in the calculations are available in any numerical weather pre- diction models or they can be obtained from satellite measurements. Therefore, the scheme can be used in a numer- ical weather prediction model as well as a land-surface model for estimation of solar radiation distribution. The scheme has been tested using the US Atmospheric Radiation Measurements dataset and aerosol data retrieved by the European Space Agency satellites. The results indicate that the scheme is very accurate, the mean relative error is less than 6% .and the root mean sauare error is 0. 3 W·m-2

关 键 词：总辐射 净辐射 辐射传输 透过率 辐射参数化 

分 类 号：P422.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]