东亚沙尘源区与下游地区气溶胶光学特性比较  

Comparison of aerosol optical properties over source region of sand dust and its downwind region in the East Asia

作　　者：郑玉琦 于兴娜[2] 项磊[2] 登增然登 德庆央宗 

机构地区：[1]乾安县气象局,吉林乾安131400 [2]南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,江苏南京210044 [3]拉孜县气象局,西藏拉孜858100 [4]察隅县气象局,西藏察隅860600

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2014年第2期67-73,共7页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41005089);江苏省高校"青蓝工程"和江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)共同资助

摘　　要：利用AERONET观测资料,从气候学的角度比较分析2001—2011年东亚地区沙尘天气发生时沙尘源区和下游地区大气气溶胶光学特性。结果表明:沙尘天气发生期间沙尘源区气溶胶光学厚度明显大于下游地区,而Angstrm波长指数小于下游地区,当沙尘暴出现时降至零甚至负值。气溶胶粒子尺度体积谱分布除敦煌为单峰外,其余各站均呈双峰型,香河和北京的细粒子浓度明显大于西北地区,可能是由于细的沙尘粒子和污染气溶胶共同造成。在440—1020 nm范围,中国站气溶胶单次散射反照率平均值为0.93,韩国和日本站分别为0.93和0.94。沙尘源区与下游地区相比,复折射指数实部偏大,虚部偏小。总体来说,沙尘天气下东亚地区在4个波段内平均不对称因子为0.70。The aerosol optical properties were compared between source region of sand dust and its downwind re- gion in the East Asia using the observational data from the AERONET site during 2001 to 2011. The results show that the aerosol optical depth is significantly higher over source regions than over its downwind regions during sand dust, while the reverse is true for the Angstrfm exponent and it decreases to zero or even negative when the dust storm appears. The volume spectrum distribution of aerosol particle size is a double peaks shape except in the Dun- huang site. The concentrations of fine particles are extremely higher in Xianghe and Beijing stations than in the Northwest area, which is caused by the fine particles together with pollutant aerosols. The averages of aerosol sin- gle scattering albedo are 0. 93,0. 93 and 0. 94 from 440 nm to 1020 nm in China, Korea and Japan. Compared with that in the downwind regions, the real part of refractive index is higher and the imaginary part is lower in the source regions. In general, the average of asymmetry factors at the four wavelengths is 0. 70 in the East Asia under sand dust weather condition.

关 键 词：沙尘气溶胶 远距离传输 复折射指数 

分 类 号：P402[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境]