镍职业队列人群癌症病死率与潜在减寿年数十年变化趋势分析  

A Trend Analysis on the Mortality Rate of Cancer and Potential Years of Life Lost in the Nickel Occupational Population in the Decade

作　　者：程治远[1] 李娟生[1] 任晓卫[1] 杨冬华[1] 晁利利[1] 周蕾[1] 赵笑颜[1] 白亚娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学流行病与卫生统计研究所,甘肃省兰州市730000

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2014年第10期1151-1153,共3页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：国家医改重大专项;国家重大公共卫生服务专项:城市癌症早诊早治(财社[2012]64号);金川集团公司与兰州大学合作项目(金科综2012-13)

摘　　要：目的了解镍职业队列人群因癌症所致病死率及潜在减寿年数(PYLL)的十年变化趋势,探讨癌症对该人群的危害程度,为确定人群癌症早期干预的核心病种、降低癌症疾病负担提供科学依据。方法以金川公司镍职业队列人群为调查对象,以为该职业人群提供全面医疗服务的大型国企职工医院为数据获取点,收集2001—2010年有完整资料记录并按国际疾病分类第10次修订本(ICD-10)明确诊断为癌症患者的病历资料进行统计分析,采用癌症病死率及潜在减寿年数分析癌症对该职业人群造成的疾病负担。结果 2001—2010年该队列人群因癌症住院的前九种癌症病种依次为:肺癌、胃癌、乳腺癌、食管癌、肝癌、直肠癌、结肠癌、膀胱癌及卵巢癌,共计3 793例,占所有患者的85.04%;其中肺癌患者1 107例,占24.82%。以死亡为结局的患者为445例,占9种癌症患者总数的11.73%;肝癌患者病死率最高,为32.68%。十年间9种癌症的潜在减寿年数以2006—2010年段肺癌的最高,达724.15年;增长速度最快的为直肠癌,两年段增长速度为491.83%。结论肺癌及消化道癌症是导致镍职业人群病死及寿命损失的核心癌种。肺癌、乳腺癌及肠癌对人群健康的危害上升速度较快,癌症严重威胁着该队列人群的健康和生活质量。Objective To understand the trend of cancer fatality and potential years of life lost which is caused by ma -lignancy in nickel occupational population , probe the damage degree caused by cancers and provide the scientific evidence for as -certaining the core malignancy for early prevention and reducing the medical expenditure of malignancy .Methods The nickel oc-cupational cohort from Jinchuan company were taken as the research object .The research data were from large -scale state -owned enterprises that provided comprehensive medical services for the staff members .The complete medical records of the patients who were definitely diagnosed as cancer according to the ICD -10 from 2001 to 2010 were collected and made statistical analysis and the burden of diseases caused by cancers was determined from mortality rate and potential years of life lost .Results In 2001-2010 , the top-nine kinds of malignant tumors were lung cancer , gastric cancer , breast cancer , esophageal cancer , liver cancer, colorectal cancer, colon cancer, bladder cancer and ovarian cancer involving 3 793 nickel workers in all, account-ing for 85.04%of the whole cancer patients , among which 1 107 suffered from lung cancer , accounting for 24.82%.445 cancer patients died , which made up 11.73%of population with the top -nine cancers.The highest fatality rate occurred in liver cancer patients, up to 32.68%.During the ten years, lung cancer had the largest contribution to PYLL within 2006-2010, up to 724.15 years.But the colorectal cancer had the fastest growth rate , which was 491.83%.Conclusion Lung cancer and gastric cancer are the most jeopardized core malignancy causing death and life lost of nickel occupational population .The health damage from lung cancer , breast cancer and intestinal cancer increases at a very fast speed.Cancer poses a huge threat to the health and living quality of nickel occupational population.

关 键 词：职业队列 癌症 病死率 潜在减寿年数 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]