南极冰盖冻融的时空分析  

Spatio-temporal analysis of Antarctic ice-sheet freeze-thaw variation

作　　者：王星东[1] 李新武[2] 梁雷[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学信息科学与工程学院,河南郑州450001 [2]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2014年第5期1303-1309,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41076129);河南省教育厅自然科学项目(14A420003);河南工业大学博士基金(150525)

摘　　要：采用改进的小波变换的南极冰盖冻融探测算法,利用微波辐射计1978~2013年的SMMR和SSM/I数据对南极冰盖冻融状况进行监测,分析了南极冰盖近34年的整体冻融时空变化特征,结果表明：从空间分布来看,南极冰盖的融化区域主要分布在南极边缘的各个冰架区,融化强度受地物覆盖类型、地理位置和海拔等因素的影响；从时间分布上来看,南极冰盖的融化面积年际变化较大,1991年的融化面积最大,为1518750km2,1999年融化面积最小,为565000km2,且融化面积的年际变化具有周期性；南极冰盖的融化具有很强的季节性,融化一般集中在11月至次年2月,在1月达到融化顶峰。Antarctic ice-sheet freeze-thaw variation was monitored based on improved wavelet transform and microwave radiometer SMMR and SSM/I data （1978~2013）, and Antarctic 34-year ice-sheet freeze-thaw spatio-temporal variety characteristics was analyzed. Melt spatial distribution showed that the majority of melt areas were located on the edge of Antarctic ice shelves. They were affected by land cover type, altitude and geographic location. The melt temporal distribution showed that the Antarctic melt-area annual variation had regularity. The surface melt area was the largest for 1518750 km2 in 1991. The surface melt area was the smallest for 565000 km2 in 1999. In addition, Antarctic ice-sheet melt varied with seasonal changes, and the snowmelt generally concentrated in November, December, January and February, and there was the largest melt extent in January.

关 键 词：融化探测 微波辐射计 小波变换 南极 时空变化特征 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]