长材用坯连铸的二次冶金要求  

Demands on secondary metallurgy in steelmaking for continuous casting of long products

作　　者：Chein Hung Chen Cheng Yen Wu Sepp Kohl 潘秀兰 

机构地区：[1]中龙钢铁股份有限公司,中国台湾省 [2]康卡斯特公司,瑞士苏黎世

出　　处：《世界钢铁》2014年第2期15-24,28,共11页World Iron & Steel

摘　　要：中龙钢铁股份有限公司(简称"中龙公司")是中国台湾中钢集团的子公司。中龙公司位于台中的钢厂粗钢产能在300万t以上,设有1座150 t双炉壳直流电弧炉,2台长材用坯连铸机(大方坯/异形坯连铸机1台,小方坯连铸机1台)。除此之外,该公司还新建了扁平材钢铁厂。扁平材生产线工程建设分两期,一期建设在2010年春天完工,建有1座高炉及其必要的辅助设备、2座BOF转炉(包括脱硫装置)、1套RH脱气装置和2台双流板坯连铸机、1台热带钢轧机;二期建设增加了1座高炉、1座BOF转炉、1座钢包炉(LTS)和1套RH脱气装置。两期工程建设完工后,扁平材生产线粗钢产能在500万t以上。中龙钢铁公司的产品结构复杂,二次精炼在生产中起到了重要作用。小截面铸坯的可铸性是炼钢生产的关键问题。小截面铸坯的生产操作不允许套用大截面铸坯的操作方法,而是要对钢液进行特殊处理以保证其可铸性,以便浇注近终形铸坯,进而低成本地生产高质量产品。在20世纪70年代末,德国、瑞典和瑞士引进了钙处理技术,该技术的进一步开发推动了近终形连铸技术的进展。钙处理技术及其工业应用在全球钢铁行业很普遍。然而,总是有新钢种待开发,寻求新的解决方案。这可能来源于终端用户定制钢种的特殊需求,或者是经济地生产这些钢种的驱动。首先对各种钢冶金工艺路线的背景进行理论叙述,然后展示其实际操作经验和成果。Dragon Steel Corporation as subsidiary of China Steel Corporation （DSC）/Taiwan is operating at its Taichung/Taiwan site a complex steel making facility of over three million tpy capacity, consisting of an electric arc furnace shop with a twin 150 t DC-electric arc furnace installation,two casters for long products, one for blooms and beam-blanks and one for billets. Beside this long-product line DSC commissioned in spring 2010 a steelmaking plant for fiats . It consists in its present stage of one blast furnace plus the necessary auxiliary plants, two BOF （basic oxygen furnaces ） including desulphurizafion plant, one RH degasser and two twin strand slab casters. A hot strip mill transforms the slabs into hot roiled coils. An extension by one additional blast furnace , one converter, one ladle furnace and one RH plant is already under way. The final capacity then will be exceeding 5 Mt/a. Secondary metallurgy is playing an important role for the complex product mix of Dragon steel. Castability is a key item in terms of steelmaking for small section sizes. Such formats do not allow a similar practice , as it is applied for larger sections, but ask for a special treatment of the steel to guarantee its fluidity and finally the high quality of the final product with all the benefits being near to net-shape. Calcium treatment has been introduced in the late seventies in Germany, Sweden and Switzerland and has been further developed along with this drive to near-net-shape-casting. The knowledge about this technology and its industrial application is quite widely spread among the global steel industry. There are however always new steels to be developed, asking for new solutions. The background for this might be special demands of end users to customise steel-grades or the everlasting drive for an economic production route. The emphasis in this paper is put firstly on the theoretical metallurgical background of the various process routes for certain steels and then on actual experiences and results.

关 键 词：特殊钢棒线材小方坯连铸 钢液的可铸性和流动性 夹杂物工程 定制的二次冶金(主要是钢包炉) 真空罐脱气 顶渣操作 

分 类 号：TF341.6[冶金工程—冶金机械及自动化]