核桃林下魔芋根区土壤微生物区系研究  

Microbial Ecological Study about Amorphophallus konjac Root-zone Soil Under Walnut Grove

作　　者：何斐[1] 薛泉宏[2] 张忠良[3] 段佳丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《北京联合大学学报》2014年第2期26-32,共7页Journal of Beijing Union University

基　　金：国家林业局重点科技推广项目(魔芋产业化配套技术2010-38)

摘　　要：对镇安县新民村和庙坡村核桃林及林外魔芋根区土壤养分和微生物区系进行分析研究,探索林下魔芋长势好、产量高的原因。采用常规方法分析土壤养分;用稀释平板法测定土壤细菌、真菌及放线菌数量;采用形态观察结合序列分析对优势微生物进行分类鉴定。研究显示:(1)林下土壤pH、速效氮磷钾及有机质含量高于林外。(2)林下土壤细菌和放线菌总数增加,真菌减少。(3)林下土壤细菌/真菌和放线菌/真菌增加。(4)林下土壤优势微生物放射型根瘤菌(R.radiobacter)、苏云金芽孢杆菌(B.thuringiensis)、黄色蠕形霉(T.flavus)、黒附球菌(E.nigrum)及绿淀粉酶链霉菌(S.viridodiastaticus)数量和比例较林外不同程度增加。结果表明核桃林下魔芋长势好、产量高与其根区土壤养分及良好的微生物区系状况密切相关。In order to explore the cause of A. konjac growing well and high yield under walnut grove, we compared and analyzed the nutrion and microflora in root-zone soil between healthy A. konjac under walnut grove and outside the forest plant in Xinmin and Miaopo Village, Zhen＇ an County. Normal method was used for measuring soil nutrition; the quantities of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were determined by dilution method. Morphological observation and sequence analysis were taken to identify dominant microorganisms. Results show that： （ 1 ） Soil pH, the content of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter were higher than control. （2） The amount of bacteria and actinomycete increased while the number of fungi decreased compared with control. （3） The ratio of bacteria/fungi and actinomycete/fungi under walnut grove increased to some extent. （4） The quantities and ratio of dominant microorganisms increased in different levels compared with control, which contains R. radiobacter, B. thuringiensis, T. flavus, E picoccum nigrum and S. viridodiastaticus. Results illustrate that A. konjac growing well and high yield under walnut forest is closely related to soil nutrient and microflora.

关 键 词：魔芋 核桃林 微生物区系 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]