中青年高血压患者治疗依从性的影响因素分析  

Influencing Factors of Therapeutic Adherence of Young and Middle-aged Hypertension Patients

作　　者：李亚男[1] 孙志岭[1] 严腊梅[2] 白光芳 

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学护理学院,江苏南京210046 [2]南京医科大学第二附属医院心血管科,江苏南京210011

出　　处：《护理学报》2014年第8期1-5,共5页Journal of Nursing（China）

摘　　要：目的探讨中青年高血压患者治疗依从性的影响因素,并分析其治疗依从性与健康信念的相关性。方法采用Champion健康信念模型量表、高血压患者治疗依从性量表对241例中青年高血压患者进行问卷调查。并采用SPSS16.0软件对资料进行分析,治疗依从性与健康信念相关性采用Pearson相关分析;治疗依从性单因素分析采用t检验、方差分析;治疗依从性多因素分析采用多元逐步回归分析。结果中青年高血压患者的健康信念总均分为(2.79±0.42)分;患者治疗依从性的总均分为(3.72±0.69)分;中青年高血压患者的治疗依从性与健康信念呈正相关(r=0.587,P<0.01),其中自我效能和健康动力与治疗依从性呈正相关(r=0.801,r=0.748,P<0.01),感知到的障碍与治疗依从性呈负相关(r=-0.521,P<0.01)。进入治疗依从性回归方程的有感知到的障碍、健康动力和自我效能3个变量,该方程的多元相关系数R=0.790,决定系数R2=0.692。结论中青年高血压患者治疗依从性的主要影响因素有自我效能、健康动力和感知到的障碍,护理人员更应该在提高患者的自我效能、健康动力及克服采取治疗依从行为的困难上给予更多的帮助与指导。Objective To explore the influencing factors of therapeutic adherence of young and middle-aged hypertension patients and analyze the relation between therapeutic adherence and health belief among them. Methods Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale and Therapeutic Adherence Scale for Hypertension Patients were used to measure the level of the health beliefs and therapeutic adherence of 241 young and middle-aged patients with hypertension. The data were analyzed by two-sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, multiple stepwise regression analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. Results The mean overall score of health belief was 2.79±0.42 and that of therapeutic adherence 3.72±0.69. Health belief was positively correlated with therapeutic adherence （r=0.587,P〈0.01）. And therapeutic adherence was positively correlated with self-efficacy and motivation for better health （r=0.801, r=0.748, P〈0.01）, while negatively with perceived barriers （r=-0.521, P〈0.01）. In multiple stepwise regression analysis, perceived barriers, motivation for better health and self-efficacy were included in the regression equation. Conclusion The main influencing factors of young and middle-aged hypertension patients ’ therapeutic adherence include self-efficacy, motivation for better health and perceived barriers. Help and guidance should be offered to patients to overcome difficulty in taking therapeutic adherence behavior.

关 键 词：高血压 治疗依从性 健康信念 中青年 

分 类 号：R473.54[医药卫生—护理学]