住宅建筑碳排放核算方法与应用  

Assessment Method and Application of Life Cycle Carbon Emission for Residential Buildings

作　　者：黄志甲[1] 冯雪峰[1] 张婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学建筑工程学院,安徽马鞍山243002

出　　处：《建筑节能》2014年第4期48-52,共5页BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

基　　金：2011年安徽省建设行业科学技术计划项目(2011RK-01);住房和城乡建设部2011年科学技术项目(2011-R1-18)

摘　　要：住宅建筑整个生命周期划分为6个阶段,分别是建材和产品生产阶段、运输阶段、建筑施工阶段、装饰装修阶段、运行阶段、拆除与处理阶段。通过对各个阶段涉及的具体碳排放活动进行分析研究,提出了更加完善的建筑生命周期碳排放的核算方法,方法为活动因子乘以排放系数。活动因子按照各阶段涉及的内容可以分为六大类,分别是建材消耗量,运输方式、距离和运输重量,工程的机械台班数,建筑年能耗模拟值,材料再利用率与材料拆除总量之积,以及材料再循环率与材料拆除总量之积。选取马鞍山某住宅小区项目,对建筑生命周期及其运行阶段的碳排放构成进行了案例研究,结果显示,6个阶段中运行阶段的排放所占比例最大为77.12%;随着住宅建筑使用寿命的降低,每年单位建筑面积的二氧化碳排放量逐渐增加,由50年的65.14 kg/m2·a增加到10年的132.05 kg/m2·a。The life cycle of residential building is divided into six stages, namely production, trans-portation, construction, decoration, operation, demolition and processing stages. The activity factor multi-plied by the discharge coefficient is proposed as the better building life cycle carbon assessment methods through the specific analysis of the carbon emission activities in various stages. Activity factors involved in each stage of content can be divided into six categories： building materials consumption, the way, dis-tance and weight of transportation, the machine-team number, simulation values of building annual energy consumption, the product of material reutilization rate and the total volume of material removal, and the product of material recycling rate and the total volume of material removal. A residential building in Maanshan is selected to study the building life cycle and the carbon emissions in operation phase. It shows that the operation stages in proportion of the maximum is 77.12%; Carbon dioxide emissions per year of unit building area gradually increase with the reduction of the service life, from 65.14 kg/m2·a （50 years） to 132.05 kg/m2·a （10 years）.

关 键 词：全生命周期 碳排放 活动因子 排放系数 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TU834.8[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]