基于CloudSat云分类资料的华北地区云宏观特征分析  

Cloud Macroscopic Characteristics over North China Based on CloudSat data

作　　者：陈超 孟辉 靳瑞军 王兆宇 

机构地区：[1]天津市人工影响天气办公室,天津300074

出　　处：《气象科技》2014年第2期294-301,共8页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：天津市气象局科研课题(201306);气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2013M03);河北省科技计划项目(12237126D-1)资助

摘　　要：利用2007年1月至2008年12月的CloudSat 2B-CLDCLASS-LIDAR云分类资料对华北地区（36°~42°N,110°~120°E）各类云在单层及多层云中的出现频率、平均高度及平均厚度进行统计分析。结果表明：华北地区单层云和多层云出现频率存在明显的季节变化,夏季最大,春秋次之,冬季最小。单层云的出现频率远高于多层云,单层云出现频率在春、夏、秋、冬4个季节分别为44.3%、46.1%、37.8%和32.8%,而多层云中2层云所占比例最大。单层云和多层云各云层平均高度、平均厚度分析显示,3层云上层云顶云底高度最高,3层云下层云顶云底高度最低,单层云平均厚度明显大于多层云,云层数越多,各云层的平均厚度越小。对不同类型云出现频率分析显示,卷云主要出现在单层云及多层云中、上层,高层云和高积云在单层云和多层云各云层中均占有一定的比例,层云主要出现在多层云下层,层积云、积云、深对流云主要出现在单层云及多层云下层,雨层云主要出现在夏季单层云中。卷云、高层云、高积云的平均高度及厚度在不同云系统中存在显著的差异。Based on the CloudSat 2B-CLDCLASS-LIDAR data from January 2007to December 2008,the occurrence frequency,mean height,and thickness of different types of clouds in the single-layer and multilayer cloud systems over North China are analyzed.The results show that the occurrence frequencies of single-layer and multi-layer clouds have a distinct seasonal variation,with maximum in summer and minimum in winter.The frequency of single-layer clouds is far greater than that of multi-layer clouds, 44.3%,46.1%,37.8%,and 32.8%for spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively.Two-layer clouds account for the largest proportion in the multi-layer cloud system.The analysis of average cloud height and thickness of different layers shows that the height of upper-level three-layer clouds is the greatest,and the height of lower-level three-layer clouds is the least;the thickness of single-layer clouds is significantly greater than those of multi-layer clouds;furthermore,the mean thickness of cloud layers decreases with increasing total number of layers of clouds.The analysis of the occurrence frequencies of different types of clouds shows that cirrus appears mostly in single-layer clouds,as well as in middle-and upper-level multi-layer clouds;altostratus and altocumulus account for a certain proportion of single-layer clouds and multi-layer clouds at various levels;stratus appears mostly in lower-level multi-layer clouds; and stratocumulus,cumulus,and deep convective clouds mainly appear in single-layer clouds and lowerlevel multi-layer clouds;nimbostratus mainly appears in single-layer clouds in summer.For cirrus, altostratus,and altocumulus,the mean height and thickness have significant differences in different cloud systems.

关 键 词：CLOUDSAT 云宏观特征 云类型 

分 类 号：P426.56[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]