湖北省公安县血吸虫病防治效果纵向观察  

Longitudinal observations on effect of schistosomiasis control in Gongan County,Hubei Province

作　　者：王友斌[1] 徐肇纲 贺正文[1] 曹淳力[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省公安县疾病预防控制中心血吸虫病预防控制所,公安434300 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,世界卫生组织疟疾、血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2014年第2期184-186,共3页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心科研项目;上海市卫生局科研计划课题资助项目(20124405)

摘　　要：目的纵向评估湖北省公安县血吸虫病防治效果,为制定湖沼型血吸虫病流行区防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,收集2000-2013年湖北省公安县血吸虫病疫情资料,分析不同防治阶段人群、家畜和钉螺血吸虫感染率变化。结果 2000-2013年公安县血吸虫病疫情总体呈下降趋势,人群感染率从2000年12.62%下降到2013年0.69%,其中第一阶段下降幅度为24.09%,第二阶段下降幅度为64.37%,第三阶段下降幅度为73.05%;第一阶段发生8例急性血吸虫感染病例,第二阶段发生15例急性血吸虫感染病例,第三阶段无急性血吸虫感染病例发生。耕牛血吸虫感染率从2000年6.50%下降到2013年0.30%,其中第一阶段上升了74.15%,第二阶段下降了75.04%,第三阶段下降了87.56%,至2013年底已淘汰了全部耕牛。第一阶段钉螺感染率、感染螺面积和活螺平均密度分别上升了18.06%、46.03%和7.63%,第二阶段分别下降了66.84%、97.78%和378.9%;第三阶段钉螺感染率和感染螺面积均下降了100%;而活螺平均密度出现2.67%的上升。2000-2011年均查到感染性钉螺,2012和2013年未查到感染性钉螺;但钉螺感染率、感染性钉螺面积均逐年下降,分别从2000年的0.072%和267.80 hm2下降到2011年的0.022%和6.37 hm2。结论公安县实施以传染源控制为主的综合治理策略后,人畜血吸虫感染率显著降低;但应进一步强化防治措施,防止疫情反弹。Objective To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control in Gongan County,Hubei Province by longitudinal ob-servations so as to provide the evidence for formulating the schistosomiasis control strategy in lake and marshland regions. Meth-ods The schistosomiasis epidemic data in Gongan County from 2000-2013 were collected by the retrospective research method, and analyzed about the changing tendency of human and cattle infection rates,and Oncomelania hupensis snail situation. Re-sults The tendency of schistosomiasis epidemic situation was descended from 2000 to 2013. The human infection rate declined from 12.62%in 2000 to 0.69%in 2013. The decline scope of human infection rate was 24.1%in the first stage,64.4%in the sec-ond stage,and 73.0%in the third stage. Eight acute schistosomiasis cases were reported in the first stage,15 cases in the second stage,and none in the third stage. The cattle infection rate declined from 6.50%in 2000 to 0.30%in 2013. The rise scope of cattle infection rate was 74.2%in the first stage,but the decline scope was 75.0%in the second stage and 87.6%in the third stage. All the cattle were disposal at the end of 2013. The infection rate of snails,area with infected snails,and average density of living snails in the first stage increased by 18.1%,46.0%and 7.6%,respectively. The 3 indexes above-mentioned in the second stage de-creased by 76.8%,97.8%and 37.9%,respectively. In the third stage,the infection rate of snails and area with infected snails de-creased by both 100%,but the average density of living snails increased by 2.7%. The infected snails were found from 2000 to 2011,but none in 2012 and 2013. The infection rate of snails and area with infected snails dropped yearly,the infection rate of snails declined from 0.0007% in 2000 to 0.0002% in 2011,and the area with infected snails declined from 267.8 hm2 in 2000 to 6.37 hm2 in 2011. Conclusions After the implementation of the integrated schistosomiasis prevention and control strategy with the emphasis on infectious source control,t

关 键 词：血吸虫病 防治效果 传染源 纵向观察 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]