中国新型城镇化背景下耕地保护制度与政策创新  

Innovating System and Policy of Arable Land Conservation Under the New-Type Urbanization in China

作　　者：刘彦随[1,2] 乔陆印[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院,中国北京100875 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学,中国北京100049

出　　处：《经济地理》2014年第4期1-6,共6页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41130748);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAL01B01)

摘　　要：中国现有耕地保护制度与政策实施的效果并未达到预期目标。耕地持续非农化、非粮化和粗放利用的问题日益严重。新型城镇化背景下,进一步加强中国耕地保护的关键在于全面评判耕地资源新价值,形成耕地保护新认知,完善耕地保护制度,创新保护政策与措施。本文对耕地的要素构成及功能价值进行了评判与分析,解析了耕地保护的机会成本,综合耕地的属性、价值、保护导向,形成了耕地资源"432"认知范式。中国新型城镇化背景下,应确立"全要素"耕地保护体系,创新形成耕地保护价值补偿制度,完善耕地占补平衡制度。中央政府应加快制定耕地有效保护激励政策,创新管控机制和加强监督管理;加大对地方耕地保护的财政转移支付力度,改革现有干部政绩考核体系;建立健全稳定提高对农民保护耕地经济补偿与资产权利机制。There has a gap between the aims and actual consequences of the systems and policies for arable land in China, and the trends of arable land non-agriculture and non-food have been continuing in the process of rapid urbanization. Under the background of new-type urbanization, it is very important to re-understand the value of arable land comprehensively and form new cognition for arable land conservation in China. And based on this, the systems of arable land conservation must be improved, and policies and measures must be innovated. The aims of this paper are to recognize and re-judge the elements and values of arable land, analyze the opportunity cost of arable land conservation, and form the ＂432＂ cognitive paradigm of arable land. Based on those we think that all-elements protection system and value compensation mechanism of arable land conservation should be formed and the requisition-supplement balance of arable land should be improved during the new period. At the same time, the central government should formulate some policies and measures matched the innovative systems as soon as possible, such as benefit-driving policy for arable land conservation, increasing financial transfer payment and reforming performance evaluation system. Establish and improve the stability of arable land economic compensation and property rights protection mechanism for farmers.

关 键 词：耕地价值 “432”认知范式 “全要素”耕地保护 经济补偿机制 新型城镇化 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济]