MBR-CANON工艺处理生活污水的快速启动及群落变化  

Rapid start-up of CANON treating domestic wastewater and the community dynamics in MBR

作　　者：张肖静[1] 李冬[2] 梁瑜海[2] 张玉龙[2] 何永平[2] 范丹[2] 张杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090 [2]北京工业大学水质科学与水环境恢复工程北京市重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2014年第4期25-30,共6页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0008);国家重大科技专项水专项(2012ZX07202-005);城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(QAK201005)

摘　　要：为研究全程自养脱氮工艺(CANON)处理生活污水的可行性,在常温膜生物反应器(MBR)中,保持进水氨氮不变,采用逐渐缩短水力停留时间(HRT)的策略在限氧条件下快速富集氨氧化菌(AOB),之后减小曝气量并进一步缩短HRT富集厌氧氨氧化菌(anammox),并通过DGGE技术分析不同阶段的种群变化.结果表明:CANON工艺在78 d内成功启动,总氮去除率达80%,总氮去除负荷RNR达0.95 kg·m-3·d-1;将该工艺应用于生活污水的处理,实现了COD和氨氮的同时高效去除;微生物群落发生了较大变化,稳定运行的反应器中氨氧化细菌为亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonas),厌氧氨氧化菌为Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgariensis.MBR-CANON工艺可以有效应用于常温生活污水的脱氮.The feasibility of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal process （CANON） for treating domestic sewage at ambient temperature was investigated in MBR. Firstly, the hydraulic retention time （HRT） was gradually reduced without variation of influent ammonia for enriching AOB, then HRT was further＇decreased with the reduction of aeration rate for enriching anammox, and DGGE was adopted in this study for analysis of the community dynamics in different phases. CANON was successfully started-up within 78 days, finally total nitrogen removal rate reached 0. 96 kg ·m^-3·d^-1 with the removal efficiency of 80%, COD and ammonia were simultaneously removed when treating domestic sewage. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Nitrosomonas related ammonia oxidizing bacteria and Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgariensis like ANAMMOX bacteria existed in the reactor. The MBR-CANON system was feasible for treating domestic wastewater at ambient temperature.

关 键 词：全程自养脱氮工艺 膜生物反应器 生活污水 脱氮 水力停留时间 溶解氧 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]