天津市成人甲状腺肿大和甲状腺结节患病调查  

Survey on prevalence of goiter and thyroid nodules of adults in Tianjin

作　　者：张松丽[1] 刘忠慧[2] 韩树清[2] 王洋[2] 侯常春[2] 吕严[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院,天津300070 [2]天津市疾病预防控制中心环境与健康所

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2014年第3期221-223,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：天津市卫生局科技基金(2011KZ45);天津市疾病预防控制中心科技基金(CDCKY201203)

摘　　要：目的了解天津市成人甲状腺肿大、甲状腺结节患病情况。方法于2012年采用多阶段随机抽样法抽取天津市4个区县≥18岁居民506名(男186人,女329人),进行甲状腺B超检查。结果甲状腺肿大患病率为4.35%,女性(6.25%)高于男性(1.08%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同年龄组甲肿患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。甲状腺结节患病率为27.27%,女性(32.19%)高于男性(18.82%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),趋势性卡方检验显示30岁以后结节患病率随年龄增加而升高(P<0.05)。单发、多发结节患病率分别为13.24%、14.03%。结论本次调查的天津市成人甲状腺肿大、甲状腺单发性结节患病率未出现明显升高,但应关注多发性结节的高发。Objective To know the prevalence of goiter and thyroid nodules of adults in Tianjin. Methods Multi-stage random sampling method was applied to select 506 adult inhabitants aged ≥ 18 years. B uhrasonography of thyroid was carried out. Results The prevalence rate of goiter was 4.35%,which was higher in female （6.25%） than in male （1.08%） with statistically significant difference （P〈0.05）, while no age difference was found （P〉0.05）. The standardized prevalence rate of goiter of adult population was 1.94%, 3.77% in female and 0.36% in male. The standardized goiter rate tended to increase with increasing age. The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules was 27.27%. The rate was higher in female （32.19%） than in male （18.82%） with statistically significant difference（P〈0.05）, and the trend Chi-square test showed it increased with age after 30 years old （P〈0.05）. The standardized prevalence rate of thyroid nodules was 19.11%, 25.50% in female and 13.57% in male. The prevalence rates of solitary nodule and multiple nodules were 13.24% and 14.03% respectively. In patients with nodules, 66.7% of which, the maximum diameter of nodules 〈1 cm, 33.3%≥ 1 cm. The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules （≥ 1 cm） was in age-dependent manner. There was no statistically significant difference in proportion of the size and amount of thyroid nodules between different gender and ages （P〉0.05）. Conclusion No significant increase is seen in the prevalence rate of goiter and thyroid nodules of adults in Tianjin, but more attention should be paid to the prevalence rate of multiple nodules.

关 键 词：甲状腺肿大 甲状腺结节 成人 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]