现代农业发展背景下的经验农民向知识农民转型研究  

Research on Transition of Experience Farmers to Knowledge Farmers in Agriculture Modernization Process in China

作　　者：罗迈钦[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南生物机电职业技术学院,湖南长沙410127

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2014年第3期322-325,共4页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：湖南省教育科学规划项目(XJK08CZC012;XJK012BZJ029);湖南省科技厅软科学规划项目(2010ZK3104)

摘　　要：本文界定了经验农民和知识农民的概念,分析了我国传统农业向现代农业转型过程中,经验农民向知识农民转型意义、必要性和必然性。对农村劳动力、农村外出务工劳动力、第一产业劳动力的文化程度进行了比较分析。结果表明,其平均受教育年限分别为8.30、9.48和7.64年。对第一产业劳动力文化程度进行国际间的类比分析,结果显示我国第一产业劳动力的知识水平与发达国家的农民有较大差异,与我国现代农业发展需求也有一定的差距。对我国农业教育现状与问题进行了探讨,阐明了我国农业高等教育培养目标导向不是知识农民,农业学历人才培养总量不足,农业职业技术教育的知识内容与现代农业结合不密切,农业教育政策措施贯彻落实不到位等问题。提出了实施农业职业教育免费培养、针对性招生,加强现代农业知识教育,逐步加强农业行业准入制度建设、吸纳具有学历背景的学生进入农业领域等政策建议。This article gives the definition of experience farmers and knowledge farmers, and also analyze the significance, necessity and inevitability of the experience farmers transition to the knowledge farmers in the process of traditional agriculture convert to modernization agriculture, besides, through compare to the education level among the rural residents, the rural labors who work in the second and third industry and the primary industry labor force. The results were showed that the average years of education were 8.30, 9.48 and 7.64 years, respectively. To compared with the education level of the primary industry labor force in China with other countries, the education level is much lower than that of the developed countries and can＇t meet the technology quality demands of agriculture modernization in China. To probe the situations and problems of agricultural education in China, the target oriented of agriculture higher education are not cultivating farmers, the talent quantity of the education with record of formal schooling are insufficient, agricultural vocational technology education knowledge contents are not combined with the modernization agriculture needs very well and the agricultural policies are not executed well enough. Therefore, some suggestions and policy can be get from this study, such as implementing flee education in agriculture vocation, selecting candidates of students, absorbing modem agriculture knowledge in teaching course, setting up the industry access system in agriculture step by step for absorbing the students graduated from the agriculture specialty into the primary industry.

关 键 词：经验农民 知识农民 现代农业 第一产业 人力资源 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]