青海湖裸鲤内脏发光细菌的分离和鉴定  

Isolation and identification of the luminous bacteria from the gut of Gymnocypris przewalskii

作　　者：卓平清 米琴[3] 李三相[2] 薛林贵[1] 王弋博[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学化学与生物工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]天水师范学院生命科学与化学学院,甘肃天水741000 [3]青海师范大学生命与地理科学学院,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2014年第2期457-461,共5页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31060065;41161058);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(1107RJZE117)资助

摘　　要：2009—2013年，从青海湖裸鲤内脏器官中共分离获得6株发光细菌，编号依次为Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6．这6株发光细菌细胞壁革兰氏染色均为阴性，细胞为杆状，大小为（0．5～0．8）μm×（1．0—1．5）μm，具有单极生鞭毛，有运动性．氧化酶和接触酶均呈阳性反应，能发酵葡萄糖产酸；吲哚试验和V—P试验均为阳性反应，能分泌淀粉酶、明胶酶、DNA酶，能将硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐．最适生长温度为20—25℃，最适生长pH为8．5～9．0．16SrDNA基因序列分析结果表明，6株发光菌与其亲缘关系最近的属为Vibrio（弧菌属），该属内和此次实验的6株发光菌亲缘关系最近的种Vibrioan．guillarum（鳗弧菌）的16SrDNA序列相似值为99．57％．Biolog GenⅢ鉴定结果显示，该实验的6株发光菌在有氧条件下，在提供的71种碳源中，只能利用其中的30种，其中，糖类12种，氨基酸类5种，羧酸类4种，聚合物类2种，其他类7种．结合6株发光菌的形态学特征、生理生化特性、BiologGenIII鉴定结果和分子生物学特性，将菌株鉴定为Vibrioanguillarum．该菌所具有的发光特性为首次报道．Six luminous bacteria, numbered Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 , Q5 and Q6, were isolated from the gut of Gym- nocypris przewalskii from 2009 to 2013. Strains Q1 - Q6 are bacteria of gram-negative, rod shaped （ （0.5 -0.8 ） μm x （ 1.0 - 1.5 ） μm）, polar flagella, motile, oxidase, catalase, nitrate reduction test, indole and V-P test-positive. Strains Q1 -Q6 are able to ferment glucose and produce acid, secret amylase, gelatinase and DNase. The optimum growth temperature is 20 - 25 ℃ and the optimum growth pH value is 8.5 - 9.0. Analysis of 16S rDNA of Q1 - Q6 indicates that the isolate is able to form a monophyletic clade with the members of the ge- nus Vibrio. The closest phylogenetic relative among the valid species is Vibrio anguillarum, with 99.57% similarity. Tested by using Biology GEN 1I system, the strains could utilize 30 carbohydrates （ 12 saccharides, 5 amino acids, 4 carboxylic acids, 2 polymers and 7 others） of 71 carbohydrates under aerobic growth condition. The isolates are identified as strains of Vibrio anguillarum based on their biochemical, physiological, the results of Biology GENIII system identification and morphological characteristics, as well as the analysis of 16S rDNA sequence. Characteristics of luminescence of Vibrio anguillarum reported here are new finding.

关 键 词：青海湖裸鲤 内脏 发光细菌 鉴定 青海湖 

分 类 号：Q939[生物学—微生物学]