世界上第一个宪法法院之争  

A Controversy about the First Constitutional Court in the World

作　　者：王银宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]维也纳大学法学院

出　　处：《比较法研究》2014年第3期142-155,共14页Journal of Comparative Law

摘　　要：作为奥匈帝国(奥地利帝国)分裂后成立的国家,奥地利共和国和捷克斯洛伐克共和国在宪法审查方面很大程度上有着相同的历史渊源,并且较早设立了宪法法院。两国宪法法院的设立都是以凯尔森的纯粹法理论作为理论基础,因而两国的宪法法院可谓同源同宗,但在组织和职能等方面却大相径庭。哪一个宪法法院是世界上第一个宪法法院,是有争议的。根据不同的标准会得出不同的结论。对奥地利宪法法院和捷克斯洛伐克宪法法院进行历史的、多方面的考察,或许答案会更为明确。As the successive states of Austro-Hungarian Empire （Austrian Empire）, the Republic of Austria and the Czechoslovak Republic had almost the same history of constitutional review and estab- lished the Constitutional Court earlier. The theoretical basis of the establishment of the Constitutional Court in the two countries is Kelsen＇ s Pure Theory of Law. But which one is the first Constitutional Court in the world, is controversial. According to different criteria may come to different conclusions. By means of historical und multifaceted investigation into the Constitutional Court of Austria and Czechoslovak, perhaps the answer will be much clearer.

关 键 词：奥地利宪法法院 捷克斯洛伐克宪法法院 宪法审查 历史发展 

分 类 号：D911[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]