钢的热膨胀特性研究  

Study on thermal expansion properties of steels

作　　者：操龙飞[1,2] 徐光[1,2] 邓鹏[1,2] 王刚祥[3] 胡道劲[3] 

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学材料与冶金学院,武汉430081 [2]武汉科技大学钢铁冶金及资源利用省部共建教育部重点实验室,武汉430081 [3]武汉钢铁股份有限公司热轧总厂,武汉430080

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报》2014年第5期639-643,共5页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2012AA03A504);湖北省教育厅重点资助项目(D20121101)

摘　　要：采用NETZSCH DIL 402C高温热膨胀仪对三种不同化学成分的钢种在30-1150℃温度范围内的热膨胀特性进行了测量，得到线性热膨胀和瞬时线膨胀系数随温度的变化曲线。对实测的热膨胀值进行定量计算和对比分析后发现，钢在加热过程中的线性热膨胀及瞬时线膨胀系数随温度的变化过程可分为室温至相变区、固态相变区和高温奥氏体区三个阶段，每个阶段碳含量对热膨胀的影响程度不同。在整个升温过程中，物理热效应引起的热膨胀占主导作用，不同钢种的物理热膨胀总量基本相同，而相变引起的收缩量大约占整个膨胀绝对变化量的16%，且收缩总量随碳含量的增加而减少，导致最终不同钢种试样的膨胀量不同。ABSTRACT The thermal expansion properties of steels with different chemical compositions were precisely measured at temperatures from 30 to 1150℃ with a NETZSCH DIL 402C dilatometer. The curves of thermal linear expansion and instant linear expansion coeffi-cient versus temperature were plotted from measured data. Quantitative analysis and comparison results show that carbon content has different influences on the thermal linear expansion and instant linear expansion coefficient of steels in the three temperature ranges of low temperature, solid phase transformation and austenite phase. Thermal expansion caused by the heat effect, which is basically the same for different steels, is dominant in the whole temperature range. The shrinkage of samples caused by phase transformation, which decreases with increasing carbon content, accounts for about 16% of the total absolute amount of thermal expansion, leading to the different expansions for the three steels.

关 键 词：钢 热膨胀 相变 定量分析 测量 

分 类 号：TG113.222[金属学及工艺—物理冶金] TG111.5[金属学及工艺—金属学]