ICU医护人员对科学预防控制医院感染认知度的调查  

Cognition of health care workers in ICUs to scientific prevention and control of health care-associated infections

作　　者：崔扬文[1] 胡必杰[1] 高晓东[1] 孙伟[1] 沈燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属中山医院医院感染管理科,上海200032

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第10期2554-2556,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项课题基金项目(2013ZX10004217005);卫生公益性行业科研专项基金项目(201002021)

摘　　要：目的调查上海市ICU医护人员对科学预防医院感染的认知情况。方法2014年3月上海市医院感染质控中心（SICC）对上海市部分二级综合和三级医院进行督查同时，对ICU进行科学预防医院感染认知度的现场面对面问卷调查。结果49所医院的163名医护人员参加了调查，有效答卷163份；对医院感染基本预防控制知识认知度：手卫生理念、标准预防中个人防护用品、需要进行接触隔离的病原体选择的认知率分别为82．2％、45．4％、90．8％；对预防导管相关性血流感染（CLABSI）预防控制措施认知度：留置中心静脉导管时患者的无菌屏障选择、中心静脉导管留置部位选择、导管留置前首选皮肤消毒剂种类、患者全身擦浴方法的认知率分别为68．1％、89．6％、85．3％、84．7％；对预防呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）预防控制措施认知度：床头抬高30～45。、氯己定漱口液进行口腔护理、每2～6h1次口腔护理频次可预防VAP的认知率分别为94．5％、95．1％、44．2％；预防导尿管相关性尿路感染（CAUTI）预防控制措施认知度：不建议常规用抗菌药物冲洗膀胱、循证医学推荐的感染预防方法的认知率分别为98．1％、89．6％；多药耐药菌预防控制措施认知率为95．1％。结论通过几年来不断努力，上海市ICU医护人员对科学预防医院感染的预防控制措施的认知度有了显著提高。OBJECTIVE To investigate the cognition of health care workers in ICUs of Shanghai to scientific preven- tion and control of health care-associated infections. METHODS Experts of Shanghai Infection Control Center （SICC） inspected some secondary and tertiary general hospitals in Shanghai in Mar 2014, meanwhile, the on-site face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted for the cognition to the scientific prevention and control of health care-associated infections in the ICUs. RESULTS Totally 163 health care workers from 49 hospitals have participa- ted the survey, and 163 questionnaires were eligible. As for the cognition to the basic knowledge of control of the health care-associated infections, the awareness rate of the hand hygiene was 82.2%, the personal protective arti- cles for standard prevention 45.4%, the contact-isolation of pathogens 90.8%. As for the cognition to the preven- tion measures for catheter-associated bloodstream infections, the awareness rate of the selection of sterile barriers for the patients with central venous catheter indwelling was 68.1 %, the sites for the central venous catheterization 89.60%, the first choice of skin disinfectant before catheterization 85.3 %, the use of whole body sponge bathing method for patients 84.7%. As for the cognition to the prevention measures for ventilator-associated pneumonia （VAP）, the awareness rate of the use of semi-recumbent position （30-45 degrees） of bed head elevation was 94.5 %, the use of Chlorhexidine-containing mouthwashes for oral nursing 95.1 %, the frequency of oral nursing as every 2 to 6 hours 44.2 %. As for the cognition to the prevention measures for catheter-associated urinary tract infections （CAUTI）, the awareness rate of not recommending the conventional use of antibiotics for bladder irriga- tion was 98.1 %, the evidence-based prevention measures for infections 89.6 %. The awareness rate of the prevention measures of multidrug-resistant bacteria was 95. 1%. CONCLUSION Through continuous efforts in the past few y

关 键 词：科学预防 问卷调查 预防控制措施 重症监护病房 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]