某中学支原体肺炎聚集性发病12例临床分析  

Clinical Analysis of 12 Cases of Mycoplasma Pneumonia Outbreak in a Middle School

作　　者：刘雁冰 王燕[2] 李陶 戢杨 胡东曙 肖林 

机构地区：[1]解放军第272医院呼吸科,天津300000 [2]天津医科大学总医院呼吸科,天津300000 [3]解放军第272医院检验科,天津300000

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2014年第13期49-51,共3页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的：分析天津市某中学住校班级暴发的一起肺炎支原体肺炎（Mycoplasma pneumonia，MP）的流行病学和临床特点，加强对肺炎支原体感染具有聚集、暴发流行性的认识，提高支原体肺炎早期的诊治水平。方法2013年4月至2013年5月收治12例社区获得性肺炎（community-acquired pneumonia，CAP）患者，分析、总结其临床特点及诊断治疗。结果发病年龄为16-44岁，住院治疗7例，门急诊治疗5例，持续发热5-7 d，症状普遍为干咳、少痰，伴有胸痛1例，皮肤斑丘疹2例，肺炎支原体 IgM 抗体阳性7例（58.3%），根据CAP 分层治疗原则，给予β内酰胺类抗生素加大环内脂类抗生素或呼吸喹诺酮类治疗，退热时间（2.91±1.44）d，疗程为（10.41±1.16）d，所有患者均已康复。结论通过对上述病例的诊断、治疗，考虑本次 CAP 感染为一起肺炎支原体感染暴发，传播方式以飞沫传播为主，由于体质、气候等原因导致，建议加强学校等集体单位合理安排作息，注意环境卫生、个人卫生和防病意识的健康教育，有针对性地做好疾病的预防工作。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical features of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia （Mycoplasma pneumonia, MP） outbreak in a middle school campus in Tianjin,China, strengthen the understanding with aggregation, outbreaks of epidemic of pneumonia mycoplasma infection, improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in early stage. Methods From April 2013 to May 2013, 12 cases of community acquired pneumonia （community-acquired pneumonia, CAP） patients were treated in our hospital, analyzing, summarizing its clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment. Results The age of onset of 16-44 years, hospitalized in 7 cases, 5 cases of outpatient and emergency treatment. Symptoms were persistent fever, 5-7 d, dry cough, less sputum, 1 cases with chest pain, 2 cases of skin rash, mycoplasma pneumonia antibody-IgM positive in 7 cases （58.3%）, according to the CAP hierarchical principle of treatment, giving β-lactam antibiotics and macrolides or respiratory fluroquinoloncs, Bring down a fever time of （2.91±1.44）d, period of treatment is （10.41±1.16）d, all patients were recovered. Conclusion On account of analyzing of the diagnosis, the cases of treatment, we considered that the CAP infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection outbreak, spread mainly by respiratory droplets, due to physical, climate and other reasons, suggestions to strengthen schools and other collective units reasonable arrangements for work and rest, pay attention to the environmental health of health education, awareness of personal hygiene and disease prevention, targeted to do a good job of disease prevention.

关 键 词：支原体肺炎 聚集性发病 临床分析 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]