水稻显性窄叶突变体Dnal1的鉴定与基因定位  

Identification and Gene Mapping of a Dominant Narrow Leaf Mutant Dnal1 in Rice(Oryza sativa)

作　　者：桑贤春[1] 林婷婷[1] 何沛龙 王晓雯[1] 廖红香[1] 张孝波[1] 马玲[1] 何光华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学水稻研究所/转基因植物与安全控制重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2014年第9期1819-1827,共9页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金一般项目(cstc2012jjA0748);教育部博士点基金项目(20120182110024);中央高校基本科研业务费团队项目(XDJK2013A023)

摘　　要：【目的】对一个新的水稻显性窄叶突变体进行鉴定,为水稻叶片形态建成的分子机理和株型育种研究奠定基础。【方法】甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变水稻籼型恢复系缙恢10号,获得一个窄叶突变体Dnal1,连续7代种植,表型均稳定遗传。开花期,调查Dnal1和野生型剑叶、倒2叶和倒3叶的叶宽及卷曲度,对剑叶最宽处进行石蜡切片分析;灌浆期,测量剑叶的光合色素含量,并利用Li-6400便携式光合测定仪测量光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率。配制西农1A/Dnal1和Dnal1/中花11杂交组合,利用F1和F2群体进行遗传分析,并利用Dnal1/中花11的F2隐性群体进行基因定位。田间小区种植,设置2个种植密度,株行距分别为16.7 cm×26.72 cm和13.36 cm×20.04 cm,3次重复,成熟期考查株高、有效穗数、穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重、籽粒长和籽粒宽等主要农艺性状,并估算理论产量。【结果】Dnal1的叶片宽度全生育期内均极显著变窄,剑叶、倒2叶和倒3叶的叶宽分别为0.96、0.89和0.88 cm,与野生型的19.6、19.41和18.42 cm相比,降低了一半左右。Dnal1大维管束数量与缙恢10号相比无显著变化,小维管束数量则下降了44.13%,达极显著差异水平。缙恢10号相邻大维管束之间一般有6个小维管束,Dnal1则只有3个。Dnal1的叶片微卷,剑叶、倒2叶和倒3叶的卷曲度分别为11.2、12.1和11.8,野生型的叶片卷曲度为零。此外,Dnal1的叶片颜色略深于野生型,叶绿素a的含量略有升高,但未达到显著差异水平。光合生理测定表明,与野生型相比,Dnal1的水分利用率略有升高,光合速率和蒸腾速率略有下降,气孔导度则显著降低。除叶片性状变化外,Dnal1还表现籽粒变窄和茎秆变细,株高和籽粒长无明显变化。Dnal1的籽粒宽度为2.33 mm,与缙恢10号的2.78 mm相比,极显著下降,导致Dnal1的千粒重仅为野生型的73.18%,极显著下降。低密度种植条件下,Dnal1的理论产量显著低�[ Objective] Leaf blade is the main location of photosynthesis in high plants. A moderate narrowing could enhance crop quality and yield by fascinating the utilization of solar energy and has been paid wide attentions in crop breeding. A novel dominant narrower leaf mutant has been identified and the results provided a foundation in the research of leaf morphological formation and plant type breeding in Oryza sativa. [Method] A narrow leaf mutant （Dna11） was discovered from the progeny of indica restorer line Jinhuil0 with seeds treated by ethyl methanesulfonate and the trait of narrow leaf has inherited steadily after seven generations＇ self-fertility. The flag, second and third leaf blades were utilized for detecting leaf widths and rolled indexes at the blooming stage, meanwhile, the middle position of flag leaf was used for paraffin section. At the filling stage, the characteristics of chloroplast pigment, photosynthetic rate （Pn）, stomatal conductance （Gs） and transpiration rate （Tr） were measured. The Dna11 was crossed with indica line XinonglA and japonica line Zhonghual 1, respectively, and the Fl and F2 generations were used for genetic analysis. Additionally, gene mapping was performed based on the F2 recessive individuals of Dna11/Zhonghual 1. The Dna11 and the wild type were cultivated in paddy field with the spacing in the rows and between the rows 13.36 cm×20.04 cm and 16.7 cm×26.72 cm, respectively. At the maturity stage, agronomic traits were analyzed and they were plant height, efficient panicle per plant, filled grain number per panicle, seed setting ratio, 1000-seed weight, seed length and seed width. At last, theory yield per 667m2 was estimated. [ Result ] The Dna11 displayed narrower leaf blades in the life and the width of flag leaf, second leaf and third leaf were 0.96, 0.89 and 0.88 cm, respectively; correspondingly, those of the wild type were 19.6, 19.41 and 18.42 cm, respectively. The number of large vascular bundles in the mutant had no significant difference with

关 键 词：水稻(Oryza sativa) 显性窄叶 基因定位 光合系统 株型育种 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]