饲粮中添加酵母细胞壁对母猪繁殖性能、乳成分和免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Yeast Cell Wall on Reproductive Performance,Milk Composition and Immunological Parameters of Sows

作　　者：骆光波 苏国旗[1] 胡亮[1] 罗毅[1] 玄玥[1] 方正锋[1] 林燕[1] 徐盛玉[1] 车炼强[1] 吴德[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,成都611130

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第5期1353-1361,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划"生猪现代产业链关键技术研究集成与产业化示范项目"(14CG0011)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加酵母细胞壁（ yeast cell wall，YCW）对母猪繁殖性能、乳成分和免疫指标的影响。选取80头体况相近的PIC妊娠母猪（3～6胎），随机分成2组，每组40个重复，每个重复1头母猪。对照组母猪饲喂基础饲粮，YCW组母猪饲喂基础饲粮并添加0.2％YCW。试验时间从妊娠第1天至分娩并持续到哺乳期第21天结束。结果表明：与对照组相比，饲粮中添加YCW显著降低了母猪死胎数（P＜0.05）和宫内生长迟缓仔猪发生率（P＝0.01），改善了仔猪断奶体重和仔猪体增重（P＜0.10），相应地，仔猪断奶窝重和窝增重均有提高（P＝0.05）；显著提高了母猪哺乳第10天乳中乳蛋白（P＜0.05）、非脂固形物（P＜0.05）和乳糖（P＝0.01）含量，母猪哺乳第21天乳中乳糖含量仍然有提高的趋势（P＝0.08）；对妊娠母猪分娩时血清和初乳中免疫球蛋白含量无显著影响（P＞0.05）；显著降低了母猪胎儿胎盘中Toll样受体-2和白细胞介素-1β基因表达量（P＝0.05），且母猪胎儿胎盘中肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子-6基因表达量有降低的趋势（P＝0.10）。研究表明，母猪妊娠期和哺乳期饲粮中添加YCW能显著降低母猪死胎数和宫内生长迟缓仔猪发生率，这可能与YCW改善母猪胎儿胎盘先天性免疫力有关；同时，妊娠期和哺乳期饲粮中添加YCW 还能通过改善母猪乳成分，提高哺乳期仔猪生长性能。This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary yeast cell wall （ YCW） on reproductive performance, milk composition and immunological parameters of sows.Eighty PIC sows were allotted to two groups （40 replicates per group and 1 piglet per replicate） according to the parity （3 to 6 parities） and body condition score, receiving a basal diet （ control group） and the basal diet supplemented with 0.2% YCW （ YCW group） , respectively.The experimental period was from the first day of gestation to parturition and lasted until the day 21 of lactation.The results showed that compared with control group, dietary YCW significantly decreased the number of stillborn piglets （ P〈0.05） and the occurrence rate of intrauterine growth retardation （IUGR） piglets （P=0.01）; moreover, the weaning weight and weight gain of piglets tended to im-prove（P〈0.10）; accordingly, weaning litter weight and litter weight gain of piglets were improved （ P=0.05）; moreover, the contents of protein （ P〈0.05） , non-fat solids （ P〈0.05） and lactose （ P=0.01） in milk on the day 10 of lactation were significantly increased; additionally, lactose content in milk tended to be increased on the day 21 of lactation （ P=0.08）;the contents of immunoglobulin in both serum and colostrums at farrowing did not markedly differ among the two groups （P〉0.05）, but feeding YCW diet markedly down-regulated the gene expression levels of Toll-like receptor-2 and interleukin-1βin placental tissue of sows （ P=0.05） , while the placental gene expression of factor receptor associated factor-6 in sows tended to decrease （P=0.10）.In conclusion, dietary YCW throughout gestation and lactation markedly reduces the number of stillborn piglets and the occurrence rate of IUGR piglets, which may be associated with the better placental in-nate immunity by YCW diet.Meanwhile, feeding YCW diet can enhance the growth performance of neonatal piglets via improving the milk composition of sows.

关 键 词：酵母细胞壁 母猪 繁殖性能 乳成分 免疫功能 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]